| 摘要: |
| 针对当代建筑组群人地关系失衡、
传统营建基因缺失等问题，试图从蕴含“建
筑—人—环境”和谐关系的传统寺庙组群中
求解。以承德普陀宗乘之庙为研究对象，对
比西藏布达拉宫原型，从场地营建和空间组
织两个方面对二者的组群特征展开分析，揭
示其组群布局的内在规律，进而总结普陀宗
乘之庙对布达拉宫的具体转译操作。针对场
所构建与形式变体两个视角，分别提出环境
响应与路径提取、文脉挖掘与空间拓扑四种
方法，结合当代组群案例研究进行佐证，从
而构建传统组群与当代建筑的古今耦合
路径。 |
| 关键词: 普陀宗乘之庙 组群布局 原型 转译 设计实践 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240208001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（52038007） |
|
| A Study on the group layout and contemporary translation methods of Potaraka Doctrine |
|
CHEN Yang,KONG Yuhang
|
| Abstract: |
| In the context of contemporary architectural discourse, there are growing concerns over the
imbalance in human-land relationships, as well as the absence of traditional cultural genes within
architectural complexes. Modern architectural complexes often prioritize form, efficiency, or
technological expression while neglecting the deeper, context-sensitive relationship between
architecture, human, and environment. To address these issues, this paper turns to the traditional
Chinese temple groups known for the harmonious “architecture-human-environment” interplay. These
historical models offer valuable insights into how traditional spatial logic and site strategies might be
reinterpreted to inform contemporary practice.This paper focuses on the Temple of Potaraka Doctrine,
one of the Eight Outer Temples of the Mountain Resort in Chengde, which was historically
constructed as an imperial imitation of the Potala Palace in Lhasa, Tibet. Through a comparative study
of these two monumental architectural ensembles, the paper investigates their respective group
characteristics, focusing on two key aspects: site construction and space organization. The goal is to
uncover the inherent laws and compositional logic that govern the spatial layout of the Temple of
Potaraka Doctrine, and how they relate to, adapt from, or diverge from its Tibetan prototype. The
analysis reveals that the Potala Palace demonstrates a group construction strategy primarily
characterized by the dramatic use of topography—borrowing the mountain to establish visual
dominance and hierarchical symbolism—and by its vertical spatial expansion. The complex aligns
itself with the mountainous terrain to emphasize spiritual ascent and authority, creating a powerful
architectural narrative deeply embedded in the landscape. In contrast, the Temple of Potaraka
Doctrine adapts these principles to a different context. It reflects a site-sensitive construction approach
that conforms to the local geography of Chengde, incorporating a spatial layout that harmonizes both
Han Chinese and Tibetan architectural traditions. This fusion is not merely stylistic, but also structural
and symbolic, reflecting the Qing court’s political intentions of ethnic integration and imperial unity.
Building on this comparative analysis, the paper further explores the specific translation operations
undertaken in the adaptation of the Potala Palace into the Temple of Potaraka Doctrine. These
translation strategies are analyzed from two complementary perspectives: place construction (i.e., how
architecture engages with its physical and cultural environment) and form variation (i.e., how spatial
and visual elements are reinterpreted across different contexts). From the perspective of place
construction, two major translation methods are proposed: environmental response and constructing
based on topography, which refers to adapting building forms to fit natural terrain and local site
conditions, and path extraction and abstract interpretation, where circulation routes and symbolic axes
from the prototype are selectively translated into a new design logic appropriate for a different setting.
These methods show how spatial planning responds to both physical constraints and cultural
meanings embedded in the landscape. From the perspective of form variation, two additional methods
are also identified: context excavation and intention representation, which refers to the selective
extraction and reinterpretation of symbolic forms and cultural motifs within a new socio-political
context, and spatial topology and multidimensional superposition, in which the formal and spatial
relationships of the original complex are restructured and overlaid with new meanings, functions, or
hybridized spatial forms. These approaches enable the adapted complex to retain visual or symbolic
echoes of the prototype while also accommodating new design imperatives and user needs. |
| Key words: Temple of Potaraka Doctrine group layout prototype translation design practice |
