| 摘要: |
| 传统村寨的保护性开发是乡村振兴
的重要工作和城乡协同发展的重要动力。探
索传统村寨的空间规律和影响因素，对传统
村寨保护性开发与转型发展具有重要意义。
本研究以贵州省757 个列入国家名录的传统
村寨为典型案例，综合运用空间分析和统计
分析的方法，对贵州省传统村寨的空间分布
特征和影响因素进行识别和分析。研究发
现：贵州省传统村寨空间分布呈现出“大聚
集、高凝聚、小分散”的特征，形成以黔东
南苗族侗族自治州、安顺市和铜仁市为顶点
的“空心三角形”地域特征；传统村寨空间
分布受到社会因素和自然地理因素的共同影
响，其中高程、坡度、河流水系、年平均降
水量和年平均气温对传统村寨分布影响程度
较大；人均GDP、人口密度、公路密度、
DEM、坡度、年平均降水量和年平均气温等
因素两两共同作用时增强对贵州省传统村寨
空间分布的解释力。本研究不仅为贵州省传
统村寨的保护性开发提供决策参考，也丰富
了传统村寨研究的知识体系。 |
| 关键词: 传统村寨 空间格局 影响因素 贵州 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240519001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合支撑〔2023〕一般113）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（42271185） |
|
| Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages in Guizhou |
|
CHENG Zhe,WANG Min,HUANG An
|
| Abstract: |
| Traditional villages are important spatial units of urban system, a key area for rural
revitalization, and a spatial carriers of the Chinese traditional culture. However, the development of
traditional villages in western China lags behind that in eastern China for a long time, due to the
comprehensive impact of many factors such as history, culture, economy, and nature. In addition, in
the context of industrialization and rapid urbanization, traditional villages are faced with challenges
such as unreasonable industrial structure, damage to the ecological environment, low residents’
income, and imperfect infrastructure. Therefore, the transformation development of traditional
villages in western China is an important task of promoting rural revitalization and regional
coordinated development, as well as an important measure to consolidate and expand the
achievements of poverty alleviation efforts. In the context of the high-quality development in China, a
systematic research of the spatial characteristics and impact mechanisms of traditional villages has
both theoretical and practical value for traditional villages. Guizhou is selected as a typical case in this
study. Guizhou is an economically underdeveloped but rapidly developing province in western China.
The number of traditional villages in Guizhou ranks second in China, and it has typical regional
characteristics and distinctive ethnic cultural characteristics. Based on the 757 traditional villages in
Guizhou Province that are listed in the list of Chinese traditional villages, this study applies
integrative research methods including geographic concentration index, variation coefficient, kernel
density analysis, and Geodetector to identify the spatial pattern and potential influencing factors of
traditional villages in Guizhou based on the ArcGIS10.2 and SPSS software. The results of this study
are as follows. First, the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Guizhou Province shows a
characteristics of “large agglomeration, high cohesion, small dispersion”, with Qiandongnan Miao
and Dong Autonomous Prefecture as the main core, Anshun City and Tongren City as the secondary
core. Second, the factors influencing this spatial pattern of the traditional villages in Guizhou are
diverse. Especially, natural geographical factors such as elevation, slope, river system, average annual
precipitation, and average annual temperature have a greater impact on the distribution of traditional
villages. Social and economic factors, such as Per capita GDP, road density, population density, and
elevation are negatively correlated with the distribution of villages. The per capita GDP has the
highest correlation. Average annual temperature and precipitation are positively correlated with the
distribution of villages, and both have strong correlations. Finnaly, the results of the Geodetection
analysis show that natural geographical factors are the main influencing factors for the distribution of
traditional villages in Guizhou Province, but the influence of each factor is manifested as bi-factor
enhancement or non-linear enhancement. The combined effect of natural geographical factors such as
DEM, slope, average annual precipitation, and average annual temperature with social factors such as
per capita GDP, population density, and road density is far greater than that of a single factor. Through
exploring the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of 757 traditional villages in
Guizhou Province, it is found that most villages in Guizhou Province are located in areas with low
traffic network density, sparse population, and economically underdeveloped regions. Although
traditional villages have preserved relatively intact human features and spatial forms, they also limit
the development of traditional villages. This study proposes the targeted optimization paths based onthe current development situation of traditional villages in Guizhou, including further improving the transportation network around the village to improve
transportation accessibility; Improving infrastructure and public services in traditional villages, developing the tourism industry of characteristic villages,
promoting the classified development of traditional villages in context of local conditions. This study does not only provide decision-making reference for the
development of traditional villages in Guizhou, but also enriches the knowledge system of traditional villages development. |
| Key words: traditional villages spatial pattern influencing factors Guizhou Province |
