| 摘要: |
| 建筑信息模型（BIM）技术能够
促进建筑行业的提质增效。为推动BIM
技术在既有建筑中的应用，本研究以web
of science 核心合集数据库为数据源，梳
理相关文献以拓展BIM 技术在既有建筑
中应用的广度。研究利用CiteSpace 软件
进行文献可视化分析，结果表明自2018
年起BIM 技术在既有建筑中的应用受到
广泛关注，发文量排名前三的国家分别是
中国、美国和英国。研究从逆向建模、运
营管理以及改造、拆除与回收三大领域，
详细梳理了BIM 技术在既有建筑中应用
的研究进展。研究发现，BIM技术在既有
建筑中的应用存在数据集成、处理和展示
方面的局限性。建议未来研究应从内部开
发BIM 云服务、定制信息检索功能以及
建立统一的BIM 技术标准；外部则需结
合物联网、机器学习以及扩展现实技术，
提升BIM 数据集成的全面性，实现数据
处理的自动化，增强数据展示的沉浸感。 |
| 关键词: BIM 技术 既有建筑 逆向建
模 运营管理 拆除与回收 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240701003 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目（2021QN033） |
|
| Application and prospects of building information model technology in existing buildings |
|
LIU Jingle,BAO Xueying,YANG Bin
|
| Abstract: |
| Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an integrated digital approach to design and
management within the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry. BIM provides
advanced modeling, analysis, and management capabilities that improve operational efficiency and
address the increasing demand for high-quality living environments. This article systematically reviews
the literature on the application of BIM technology in existing buildings, with the aim of advancing its
implementation by exploring its diverse uses and identifying current challenges. The goal is to offer
novel insights and methodologies for utilizing BIM in existing buildings. A search was conducted on
December 1, 2023, using the Web of Science Core Collection as the data source. The search query,
defined as TS= (“existing building*” AND (BIM OR “building information model*”)), yielded 211
English-language articles. A secondary search was then conducted using the cited references from these
articles, which resulted in 2,132 publications. After deduplication using CiteSpace software, 2,201 valid
documents were retained. CiteSpace analysis of these documents revealed that the application of BIM
technology in existing buildings has gained significant attention since 2018, with publications following
an exponential growth trend. The top three countries by publication volume were China, the United
States, and the United Kingdom. Regarding international collaboration, the United States, Australia, and
China demonstrated the highest levels of cooperation. The top three contributing institutions were The
Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and the University of Vigo.
Clustering analysis indicates that research focus has shifted from the development of BIM models to their
practical applications. This article classifies BIM applications in existing buildings into three main
categories: reverse modeling, operations management, and renovation, demolition, and recycling. In the
domain of reverse modeling, research focuses on both conventional buildings and historically significant
structures with cultural heritage. The modeling process depends on existing building documentation and
on-site data collection. Key research questions include automating the modeling process, while challenges
focus on addressing occlusion and point cloud segmentation issues. In the domain of operations
management, BIM is primarily used for data management, performance simulation, health assessment,
and specific operational tasks. Data management involves integrating relevant information into BIM
systems to create nD-BIM models, providing data support for the management and maintenance of
existing buildings. Performance and health assessments evaluate building performance, structural damage,
seismic resistance, and indoor air quality. Operational tasks include real-time monitoring of building
dynamics, maintaining buildings in optimal condition, and simulating responses to emergencies for
prevention, response, and recovery. In the domain of renovation, demolition, and recycling, renovation
refers to using BIM technology for designing, comparing, and implementing renovation plans. Demolition
and recycling involve using BIM to develop and execute optimal building disassembly plans, manage
demolition waste, and support material recycling. This article highlights several limitations of BIM
technology in existing buildings, particularly in data integration, processing, and presentation. In data
integration, the diversity, transferability, and real-time requirements of data integration exceed the
capabilities of standalone BIM technology. Challenges, such as data transmission loss and incompatibility,
remain unresolved. In data processing, BIM technology faces difficulties with automated consistency
checks, data completeness validation, rapid extraction of key information, and intelligent decision-making. In data presentation, BIM lacks advanced cloud service capabilities, comprehensive information retrieval functions, immersive experiences, and
interactive features. To address these limitations, the article proposes enhancing BIM applications for existing buildings through both internal and external
improvements. Internal improvements include developing BIM cloud services, customizing information retrieval functions, and establishing unified BIM
standards and specifications. External integration with emerging technologies is equally essential. BIM should integrate with other technologies to improve data
integration, automate data processing, and enhance immersive data visualization. For instance, integrating with IoT must address fragmented and dispersed realtime
data across heterogeneous storage systems, along with the associated security vulnerabilities. Integrating with machine learning requires embedding general
domain knowledge into BIM platforms. Integrating with extended reality (XR) requires real-time data transmission between BIM and XR systems. Through this
discussion, the article aims to promote the advanced application of BIM technology in existing buildings, thereby supporting high-quality urban development. |
| Key words: building information model technology existing buildings reverse modeling operational management demolition and recycling |
