| 摘要: |
| 小学生作为小学教室的主要使用
者，教室中听课学习主要是视觉行为的参
与，看书这一视觉行为占每天学习时间的
60%。教室光环境直接影响学生的视觉舒适
度。通过对小学教室进行实地调研，发现学
生对桌面照度满意度较低。为提高学生看书
舒适度，对教室中的小学生采用主观问卷和
客观生理指标测量相结合的实验方式，得出
小学生最舒适的桌面照度值范围应为700 lx-
900 lx。研究为中小学教室光环境的相关研
究提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 小学教室 视觉舒适 人因检测 桌面照度 视觉行为 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240705002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（52278031） |
|
| The influence of desktop illumination on students’ perceived reading comfort in primaryschool classrooms |
|
FU Yao,GAO Bo,GAO Jian
|
| Abstract: |
| This paper explores the effects of the light environment in primary school classrooms on
students’ visual perceptual comfort, taking the visual behaviour of reading books as an example. The
classroom is the main place for primary school students’ daily study and most of the time is spent in
the classroom. Statistics show that as the myopia rate of primary school students in China rises,
especially reaching 53.6% in 2023, the problem of myopia prevention and control is becoming more
and more serious, and the quality of the light environment is considered to be an important factor
affecting students’ eye health. Although the existing light environment modification favours changing
the lighting method, simply replacing natural light with artificial light has not achieved significant
results. The aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between the visual behaviour of primary
school students in the classroom environment and the light environment by investigating the effects of
different desktop illuminance on students’ visual perceptual comfort. A primary school in Anshan
City, Liaoning Province, which is equipped with LED lighting facilities and has a classroom layout
that meets national design standards, was selected as an experimental subject. According to the
measured data, the desktop illuminance in different locations of the classroom varies greatly, with
higher illuminance values in the area by the window and lower in the area away from the window, and
the illuminance in some areas fails to meet the standard. In terms of users “subjective evaluation,
students” feelings were investigated through questionnaires and interviews. It was found that more
than 50% of the students thought that the natural light level in the classroom was insufficient and the
light reflection was serious, leading to visual fatigue. Some students also reported uneven illumination
and harsh light in the classroom. Through these survey data, it can be concluded that the uneven and
uncomfortable classroom light environment may be one of the causes of students’ physical fatigue
and poor mood, especially in the afternoon when the light environment is poor, students are prone to
visual fatigue, which affects their health. In terms of experimental design, this paper explores the
effects of different illuminance values on students’ visual perceptual comfort by conducting a human
factors experiment on primary school students aged 10 to 13 years old who do not have any eye
diseases and have healthy vision. The experiment was conducted in a classroom that was completely
shaded from natural light, and the illuminance of the artificial light source was adjusted to set several
illuminance levels, 400 lx, 600 lx, 800 lx, 100 lx, 1 200 lx, and 1 400 lx. A wearable human factors
device was used to monitor the physiological indices (e.g., galvanic skin activity, SC) of the students
to reflect the students’ emotional and physiological responses. The experimental design and selected
unexposed exercise materials to avoid interference of students’ prior knowledge on the experimental
results. The subjective evaluation questionnaire was filled out immediately after the experiment. From
the experimental data, it can be seen that the peak values of subjective visual comfort score and state
arousal level both appeared at 800 lx, so the most comfortable desktop illuminance value for the
students was 800 lx. subjective visual comfort score, the most comfortable desktop illuminance range
of 800 lx~1000 lx, the most comfortable desktop illuminance range of state arousal level was 600 lx~
800 lx. The reason of this gap the reason for this disparity can be analysed in terms of the changes inthe two metrics. When students read books during the daytime, with the increase of illumination, they will put more energy into reading books, and visual
comfort will increase at the physiological level, and when the desktop illuminance is higher than 800 lx, they will put too much energy into reading books,
which will produce visual fatigue and reduce the level of visual comfort. However, the students’ assessment of the subjective is that 1 000 lx will be brighter
than 600 lx and it will be easier to see the contents of the book clearly. By combining the subjective questionnaire and physiological data, the most comfortable
desktop illuminance values for primary school students were found to be 700 lx~900 lx. The study of students’ emotional responses and visual comfort under
different illuminance conditions provides data support for the optimisation of classroom lighting environments. The results of this paper not only provide a
reference for improving the light environment in primary school classrooms, but also provide new ideas for future educational environment design and student
health management. By comprehensively considering students “subjective feelings and physiological feedback, students” visual comfort can be effectively
improved, and thus reducing visual fatigue and promoting students’ healthy growth. |
| Key words: elementary classroom visual comfort human factors detection desktop illuminance visual behavior |
