| 摘要: |
| 在全球气候变化加剧与城市极端天
气常态化背景下，传统蓝线管控体系正面临
系统性重构的迫切需求。以工程思维主导的
蓝线划定逻辑，在应对复合型洪涝风险、协
调城市空间发展等方面显现出蓝线界定范畴
滞后于生态治水理念；工程导向的河口线划
定模式存在系统性缺陷；陆域控制线僵化割
裂空间有机联系；滨水空间管控体系呈现多
维脱节的四重困境。基于此，本文提出建立
动态演进的的蓝线内涵体系、创新上下游防
洪协同的河口线划定、推行差异化的陆域控
制策略、完善“导控结合”的规划传导机制
的规划应对策略，并以合肥市为实证，介绍
了具体的蓝线划定路径与方法，以期对其他
地区有所参考和借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 蓝线 气候变化 雨洪调蓄 滨水
空间管控 合肥 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20241231003 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Research on the delineation of blue lines in response to climate change: A case study of Hefei |
|
JIANG Xin,DING Chengcheng,JIANG Wei
|
| Abstract: |
| Against the backdrop of the intensification of global climate change and the normalization
of extreme weather events in cities, the traditional blue line control system is facing an urgent need
for systematic reconstruction. The logic of delineating the blue line dominated by engineering
thinking reveals four dilemmas in dealing with compound flood risks, coordinating urban spatial
development, and other aspects. Firstly, the scope of the blue line definition lags behind the concept of
ecological water management. The current delineation of the blue line still adheres to the cognitive
framework of traditional hydraulic engineering, focusing on the spatial areas of obvious water bodies
such as rivers and reservoirs. There is a lack of legal status recognition for distributed storage and
regulation facilities such as rainwater storage and regulation ponds and ecological ponds that have
emerged in the construction of sponge cities. Secondly, the engineering-oriented approach to
delineating the estuary line has systematic defects. The method of delineating the estuary line
dominated by a single flood control standard is prone to fall into the path dependence of “surrounding
the city with dikes” when dealing with extreme rainfall events. Thirdly, the control lines on the land
area are rigid and disrupt the organic spatial connections. The current land area control mode of
“equidistant setback” ignores the dynamic coupling relationship between the natural morphological
characteristics of rivers and the urban spatial structure. Fourthly, the waterfront space control system
shows multi-dimensional disconnections. The lack of specific control at the land use level leads to the
failure of the transmission between the guidance of the spatial form and the control of land
development. Based on this, this paper proposes corresponding planning ideas. Firstly, establish a
dynamically evolving connotation system of the blue line. Facing the long-term impacts of climate
change and the dynamic evolution of the urban water system, on the basis of protecting traditional
rigid water bodies such as rivers and lakes, incorporate distributed storage and regulation facilities
such as rainwater storage and regulation ponds, ecological ponds, and artificial wetlands into the legal
control scope of the blue line, and establish a composite blue line system covering “gray-green”
hybrid infrastructure. Secondly, innovate the delineation of the estuary line with upstream and
downstream flood control coordination. At the overall level, comprehensively consider the flood
control strategies of the upstream and downstream areas of the river basin, give full play to the flood
storage and detention functions of various storage and regulation water bodies, relieve the flood
control pressure within the city, take into account the value balance of “safety-ecology-development”,
and reasonably delineate the estuary line. Thirdly, implement differentiated land area control
strategies. Comprehensively consider the important ecological spaces and urban spaces along the
water system, with appropriate flexibility, and achieve the precise adaptation between the physical
geographical characteristics and the urban functional zoning. In addition, according to the different
characteristics of different control objects, adopt a control method that combines rigidity and
flexibility. Fourthly, improve the planning transmission mechanism that combines guidance and
control. Transform the key control elements in the waterfront space design guidelines into clear
indicators and requirements, and use them as the basis for compiling the detailed plans of the areas
along the line, so as to achieve the transmission from spatial design to land management.Taking HefeiCity as an empirical example, this paper introduces the specific paths and methods for delineating the blue line. Firstly, expand the objects of blue line
delineation, coordinate various storage and regulation facilities, and incorporate some seasonal, underground, and small-scale storage and regulation facilities
into the objects of blue line delineation. Secondly, coordinate various water-related plans, formulate a systematic stormwater management plan, and coordinate
the urban flood control plan and drainage plan. On the basis of systematically integrating the flood control and drainage measures of the upstream and
downstream areas, comprehensively delineate the urban blue line. Considering the terrain conditions where the northwest of Hefei urban area is high and the
southeast is low, as well as the existing foundation of water conservancy facilities, it is recommended to adopt the flood control strategy of “blocking upstream,
releasing downstream, and diverting on the sides”. By improving the flood storage capacity of the upstream and downstream areas, the flood discharge pressure
within the city can be relieved. Thirdly, combine relaxation and tightening, integrate rigidity and flexibility, and explore refined methods for blue line
delineation and control. Combining relaxation and tightening means adopting the mode of “benchmark width + local correction”, that is, setting a certain
benchmark width by comprehensively considering various requirements such as river flood control safety, ecological conservation, and recreational activities,
and making local corrections in combination with the specific situations along the line. Integrating rigidity and flexibility means comprehensively using various
control methods such as line positions, point positions, and indicators. Fourthly, formulate waterfront space control guidelines that shift from “separation of the
city and water” to “coupling of the city and water”, and propose an indicator system with 10 items at three levels: ecological green, landscape features, and
openness and sharing. |
| Key words: blue line climate change rainwater regulation and storage control and management of waterfront space Hefei |
