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基于动态完善的地域性乡村营建策略与实践研究 ——以重庆市三河村为例
田 琦1, 李 文2
1.(通讯作者):重庆大学建筑城规学院,山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室,副教授,115075555@qq.com;2.重庆大学建筑城规学院,硕士研究生
摘要:
乡村营建活动蓬勃发展,为衰弱凋 敝的乡村提供了可行的振兴路径。文章思考 了当下乡村建设的现状,对以项目设计、施 工完成、验收并交付使用为目标的传统静态 式乡村营建进行反思,提出营建的动态完善 不仅是解决目前乡建成果良莠不齐现状的有 效途径,更是对乡村地域文化、原真生活的 彰显与诠释。最后,本文结合重庆市三河村 的营建实践,从政策引领与动态调整、设计 师协调与适宜式乡建、业态完善与可持续运 营、村民参与和能动建造四个角度对乡村地 域性营建的动态完善路径进行归纳与总结, 为乡村建设可持续进行提供可参考的意见与 思路。
关键词:  乡村营建  静态完成  动态完善  营建成果
DOI:10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240527005
分类号:
基金项目:
Research on dynamic improvement of regional rural construction strategies and practice:A case study of sanhe village in Chongqing
TIAN Qi,LI Wen
Abstract:
In recent years, with the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization work, the construction activities in rural areas have been carried out vigorously, providing a feasible path for the revival of weak and declining rural areas. Against this backdrop, various local government departments, social organizations, and designers have actively participated in the wave of rural construction practice, creating many excellent practical achievements. However, there are also many unsatisfactory aspects. Some designers, when participating in rural construction, inevitably fall into the trap of habitual thinking. They tend to apply the work models used in urban construction, where buildings go through processes such as site selection, conceptual design, construction, and final acceptance before being put into use. Once the construction goals are achieved, the project is considered complete, leaving little room for future modifications or adjustments. Consequently, the designers’ involvement ends at this point, and their connection with the project during its later stages becomes insufficient. This approach reduces the construction process to a static and finalized outcome. In this context, this article first examines the current disharmonious situation and dilemma of rural construction and conducts an in-depth discussion on the “static completion” mode of rural construction aimed at project completion and implementation, analyzing the reasons that lead to the dilemma of static completion in construction. At the same time, it proposes that rural construction should be a gradual and progressive process, and dynamic improvement of construction is an effective way to address the current uneven results of rural construction. Dynamic improvement of rural construction follows sustainable strategies and methods, deeply understands local conditions, and aims to achieve sustainable development in various aspects such as social, economic, and ecological environment. It can continuously improve construction results during project construction and usage, exhibiting characteristics such as resilience over time, inspiring the initiative and creativity of farmers, and reflecting the original order of rural areas. Through the participation of multiple stakeholders, the transformation of rural construction from static completion to dynamic improvement is achieved.The government mainly plays a guiding and decision-making role in rural construction, providing support and guarantees for the smooth progress of construction at various stages, and clarifying the basic direction. Architects and planners usually play the role of bridges and companions, fully understanding the wishes and needs of all parties, balancing the interests and demands of individual users, the overall rural community, government, and corporate capital. The participation of enterprises expands the path for rural economic growth, enabling villages to break away from traditional agriculture and handicrafts and move towards the development direction of diversified industrial integration. Meanwhile, the combination of industrial development and localized design promotes the dynamic improvement of rural construction from the perspective of industry formats. Villagers, as the main users and directbeneficiaries of rural construction, play a leading role. Their activities in repairing, modifying, and expanding buildings within the scope allowed by regulations are responses to changes in living needs and usage preferences, as well as a reflection of the authenticity of rural construction.Finally, this article combines the rural construction practices in Sanhe Village, Shapingba District, Chongqing. It summarizes and concludes the pathways to achieving dynamic improvements in rural construction from four perspectives: policy guidance and dynamic adjustments, designer coordination and sustainable rural development, enhancement of rural industries and sustainable operations, and active participation and proactive construction by villagers. It explores the healthy and sustainable logic and framework of rural construction: the dynamic adjustment of developmen慴 strategies has solidified the foundation for the deepening of development work in Sanhe Village, providing policy support and guarantees for the sustainable development of rural construction; the continuous design efforts of architects and planners are key to the construction process. In this process, architects and planners have established a long-term relationship of mutual respect and recognition with Sanhe Village, liberating rural construction from the category of static structures, making it a continuously improved “living” dynamic space closely linked to the changes and needs of rural society; the gradual improvement of industrial formats has expanded the channels for increasing income in villages, bringing considerable economic benefits. The combination of industrial operation and public welfare has also produced significant social benefits, harmoniously blending rural residents and urban tourists, alleviating the barriers between urban and rural areas, and providing continuous driving force for the dynamic improvement of rural construction; the independent participation of villagers provides continuous internal driving force for the development of Sanhe Village construction, deepens the emotional connection between individuals and the rural collective, enhances personal sense of responsibility and rural identity, and helps create more suitable architectural spaces in line with local realities, further promoting the dynamic improvement of rural construction and the sustainable development of rural communities. In the vigorous rural construction practice and exploration, the rural construction of Sanhe Village has realized the transformation from static completion to dynamic perfection through the joint efforts of multiple subjects, which not only improves the construction quality of Sanhe Village, but also improves the infrastructure, effectively responds to the actual needs of local and people, and shows the real rural life and style. It promotes the development of the countryside in a more sustainable and dyn
Key words:  rural construction  static completion  dynamic improvement  construction results