| 摘要: |
| 在中国城市化进程步入由外延扩张向内
涵提升的关键转型期，老旧城区的保护更新成
为城市风貌提升的重要举措。居住性历史文化
街区因其复杂的产权属性和特殊的空间肌理在
更新过程中面临多重困境。为实现居住性历史街
区的可持续发展，探索如何实现居住性历史街
区的保护与发展的平衡，本文选取苏州山塘历史
街区桐星社区为研究对象，借助社区营造理论，
提出居住性历史文化街区的多要素协同更新的理念，以社会生活、物质空间、经济产业三个层面，从人、文、地、产、景五个角度探索居住性历史
文化街区多要素协同更新的策略。研究表明，居住性历史街区的保护需从社区主体多元化、历史
文脉的传承、物质空间的保育、特色产业的活化和景观环境的优化五方面因地制宜考虑街区要素
协同发展，为今后居住性历史文化街区的保护与发展提供借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 社区营造 居住性历史文化街区 多要素协同更新 物质空间 社会生活 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240618 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:教育部学位与研究生教育发展中心项目（ZT-
231028509）；2022年教育部人文社科项目（22YJC
760067）；中国—葡萄牙文化遗产保护科学“一带一
路”联合实验室资助项目（SDYY2406） |
|
| A Study on the conservation strategy of residential historical and cultural neighbourhoodsunder the concept of multi-factor synergistic renewal: The case of Tongxing Community inShantang, Suzhou |
|
WU Yao,WU Qiuying,WU Yonglan,DING Zirong
|
| Abstract: |
| As China’s urbanisation process enters a critical transition period from expansion to
enhancement, the conservation and renewal of old urban areas has become an important initiative
for urban landscape enhancement. Residential historic and cultural districts face multiple dilemmas
in the process of renewal due to their complex property rights and special spatial texture. How to
achieve the sustainable development of residential historic districts, and how to achieve the balance
between the protection and development of residential historic districts have become a hot topic of
discussion, and this paper therefore conducts a research.
Firstly, this paper summarises the dilemmas in the protection and renewal of residential historic
and cultural districts, which are: neglecting the authenticity of life and insufficient participation of
multiple subjects; declining vitality of the districts and serious damage to the traditional features;
insufficient effectiveness of theoretical methods and lack of sustainability of development.
Secondly, since residential historical and cultural neighbourhoods have natural “community”
attributes, this paper introduces community building theory and multi-factor collaborative
governance theory into the study. This paper elaborates the connotation of multi-factor collaborative
renewal of residential historical and cultural neighbourhoods under the theory of community
building in the three aspects of social life, material space, and economic and industrial aspects, and
focuses on “people and culture” in the social life aspect. The social life level focuses on the creation
of “people and culture”, and the continuation and development of the traditional way of life of
community residents. At the level of physical space, emphasis is placed on the creation of “land and
scenery”, and the conservation and repair of historical physical space. At the level of economy and
industry, the creation of “production” is emphasised, and the development of characteristic industries
in the neighbourhood is vigorously pursued.
Then, this paper selects Tongxing community in Shantang, Suzhou as the research object, and
analyzes the current situation of Tongxing community, which has the following three characteristics.
Firstly, the aging trend is obvious at the level of demographic structure, and the neighbourhood is
close, but the property rights are mixed, and the overall vitality is insufficient. Secondly, the overall
appearance is relatively uniform, but the streets and lanes are not well connected, the landscape
environment is lacking, the public space is insufficient, and the social interaction is restricted.
Thirdly, there is a lack of excavation of regional characteristic industries, and local economicindustries need to be upgraded according to the current social development.
Finally, the strategy of synergistic renewal of residential historical and cultural districts is explored from five aspects: diversification of community subjects,
inheritance of historical lineage, conservation of physical space, revitalisation of characteristic industries and optimisation of landscape environment. Firstly, the
creation of “human beings”, reasonably vacate and resettle the population, maintain the balance between new and old communities, cultivate a sense of community,
and encourage the residents to participate in community governance; secondly, the creation of “culture”, reshape the cultural lineage of the regional characteristics,
excavate the symbols of the local history and memory, inherit the historical and humanistic elements, and revitalise the use of the non-traditional cultural heritage.
Secondly, the creation of “culture”, reshaping the regional characteristics and cultural lineage, excavating local historical memory symbols, inheriting historical and
humanistic elements, and revitalising the use of intangible cultural heritage. Fourthly, the creation of “landscape”, repairing the community’s overall appearance,
improving the community’s municipal service facilities, systematically integrating the landscape environment, and creating the social value of public space;
and fifthly, the creation of “industry”, tapping the local characteristics of the neighbourhoods, creating branded cultural and creative industries, developing the
community’s tourism programme, and reorganizing the neighbourhood’s industrial layout planning.
The purpose of this paper is to explore the new transformation path of multi-factor synergistic renewal through the lens of community building theory,
abandoning the previous model of single focus on rigid protection of physical space and excessive commercialisation for profit, and focusing on the revival
of residents’ traditional lifestyles, advocating a comprehensive conservation and renewal paradigm with the synergistic development of multi-dimensional
aspects of people, culture, land, production and scenery. It explores the revitalisation and sustainable conservation and renewal of residential historic and
cultural districts based on the concept of multi-factor synergistic renewal, and provides valuable exploration and demonstration for the living conservation
and sustainable development of residential historic and cultural districts. |
| Key words: community building residential historical and cultural neighbourhoods multi-factor synergistic regeneration physical space social life |
