| 摘要: |
| 系统梳理国内外主要核心文献发现，住
房分异研究已形成测度指标及方法、解释分异
的理论流派、实证研究和后果效应等系列成果。
既有研究侧重城市住房，较少有系统地针对农
村和非正规住房的分异研究；既有理论解释均
假定住房通过市场交易或福利分配间接获取，
并重点从行为主体在劳动力市场的位置及其所
孕育的社会经济特征来解释住房分异，忽视了
自建自住的住房及其所在的政策制度、经济社
会和城镇化发展等外部环境的影响；研究范式
多利用国家或典型城市的截面数据量化分析，
缺乏过程式、案例式、多层次、多方法的混合研
究；研究学科上以社会学为主，缺多学科交叉研
究；分异结果研究侧重其对行为主体及家庭的
社会地位、经济财富影响，缺乏对国家或城市经
济社会影响的研究。最后，从研究的住房类型、
理论视角、研究学科、研究方法与范式、研究层
次、研究内容等方面提出展望。 |
| 关键词: 住房分异 测度方法 分异机制 研究
范式 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240511 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金重大项目（18ZDA082） |
|
| Achievements, shortcomings and prospects of housing differentiation researchAchievements, shortcomings and prospects of housing differentiation research |
|
WAN Chengwei,YE Yuming,TANG Yike,HU Pan
|
| Abstract: |
| Housing differentiation is one of the important contents of housing-related research
at home and abroad, but there are few systematic summaries of the achievements of housing
differentiation. This paper systematically sorts out the main core literature at home and abroad,
and finds that the research on housing differentiation has formed a series of achievements, such
as measurement indicators and methods, theoretical schools of explanation of differentiation,
empirical research and consequences. The existing researches focus on urban housing, and there
are few systematic studies on rural and informal housing differentiation. The existing theoretical
explanations include market transformation perspective, family behavior perspective, cultural
value perspective, geospatial perspective, etc. The above theoretical perspectives assume that
housing is obtained indirectly through market transactions or welfare distribution, and focus on
explaining housing differentiation from the position of the behavior subject in the labor market and
the socioeconomic characteristics it breeds, ignoring the influence of self-built and self-occupied
housing and its policy system, economic society and urbanization development. The empirical
researches on housing differentiation mainly focus on the characteristics of urban residents’ housing
differentiation and the theoretical test of differentiation. The research paradigm mostly uses national
or typical city cross-section data for quantitative analysis, lacking process-based, case-based,
multi-level, multi-method, and multi-type data mixed research. The research discipline is mainly
sociology, lacking interdisciplinary research. The research on the results of housing differentiation
focuses on the impact of the social status and economic wealth of the subjects and families, but lacks
the research on the impact of the country or city’s economic society. Finally, the following research
prospects are proposed: the types of housing should pay attention to the research of rural, informal
housing, and construct an appropriate measurement index system; in the theoretical perspective, not
only the impact of individual economic and social characteristics on housing differentiation, but also
the impact of the economic and social development characteristics of the subjects or the environment
in which the housing is located and the governance scenario; in the research discipline, the research
should integrate urban planning, geospatial, political economy, and public policy and management,
and conduct a systematic multidisciplinary research, so as to better and more comprehensively
understand the law of housing development; in the research methods and paradigms, a mixture
of quantitative and qualitative research should be adopted, and the process research of housing
differentiation should be paid attention to, and the time-depth research should be enhanced. It is
necessary to not only describe the specific evolution characteristics of the differentiation in the
process of housing development, but also explain the causes of the process of housing differentiation,
the practices of the subjects, and the motivations driving these practices. In the research level,
the appropriate spatial unit level should be selected for longitudinal and horizontal composite
comparative research. In terms of research content, not only the ontological research of housing
differentiation status, differentiation changes, formation mechanism should be focused, but also the
spillover effect research of housing differentiation should be strengthened, and the significance of
housing differentiation research should be expanded and the deeper development theory should be
explored. |
| Key words: housing differentiation measurement method differentiation mechanism research
paradigm |
