| 摘要: |
| 地处大都市边缘地区的乡村由于其特
殊的区位，逐渐成为政策制度、资金等要素交织
影响作用的空间场域，空间异化明显。为引导乡
村空间合理转型，研究以空间生产理论“三元辩
证法”作为理论支撑，构建大都市边缘地区乡村
空间转型的研究框架，选取西安市长安区抱龙
村作为案例，实证分析其空间转型的特征及作用
机理，并基于乡村空间生产的协调、可持续提出
相应的优化建议。研究发现：在城市消费需求的
驱使下，政府、市场等多元主体共同推动了空间
价值的提升、社会网络的“业缘化”和文化构成
的重塑；但同时，多元主体在空间价值关注点、
实践能力等方面的差异，容易造成空间“商品
化”、乡村社会“分层化”、乡土文化异质化等问
题；因此，在乡村转型过程中，应重点关注资本的增殖行为对乡村空间功能结构、社会关系网络、文化构成等方面的影响，并注重发挥权力主体
在要素配置、监督管理方面的职能，以营造公正公平的空间生产格局。 |
| 关键词: 空间生产 大都市边缘乡村 空间转型 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230502 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| The Research on the Spatial Transformation of Urban Fringe Villages Based on the Theory of Spatial Production: Baolong Village in Chang’an District as an Example Demonstrated |
|
DUAN Degang,ZENG Xiangtian,LI Guanmingzhu
|
| Abstract: |
| Due to its special location, rural areas located in the fringe of metropolitan areas are more
obviously influenced by the operation of power and capital compared to ordinary villages, so they
gradually become the spatial field where policies, institutions, funds and other factors occur complex
effects together. Meanwhile, rural space alienation, social gentrification and other problems occur
from time to time, which block the reasonable transformation of rural space. Therefore, it is of great
significance to clarify the internal mechanism of rural transformation in metropolitan fringe areas
and scientifically understand the law of rural development in metropolitan fringe areas to avoid such
problems and guide the reasonable evolution of rural space and promote urban-rural integration.
In order to guide the rational transformation of rural space, this paper takes the spatial production
theory “tripartite dialectics” as the theoretical support to construct the research framework of rural
spatial transformation in metropolitan marginal areas. And then the research takes Baolong Village,
which locating in Chang’an District, Xi’an City as the case to empirically analyze the characteristics
and mechanism of its spatial transformation.
The result shows that: firstly, the spatial production under the intervention of external forces
is essentially a process of realizing the redistribution of spatial interests by multiple subjects. While
urban consumption demand drives the transformation of rural physical space function form, social
relations and cultural composition are also reshaped, and there are trends such as “commercialization”
of physical space, “business connection” of social network, and changes of cultural core. Secondly, in
the process of multi-dimensional spatial production, due to the differences in spatial value concerns
and practical abilities, the behaviors of various subjects are different, which leads to the emergence of
problems such as chaotic rural spatial style and social barrier formation. Thirdly, the expansion and
multiplication of capital is the fundamental driving force of spatial production. The dual advantages
of rural location and factors in metropolitan fringe attract the flow of urban capital, whose pursuit
of difference and unbalanced behavior essence promotes the continuous change of spatial functional
form and the adjustment of production relations. Besides, power subjects represented by local
governments, in consideration of the equity of spatial interests, pursue certain “economic goals”
while also paying attention to the realization of social and cultural “non-economic goals”. Therefore,
in the spatial production of material, social and cultural dimensions, it shows the function of
management and supervision and the guidance and constraint of capital profit-seeking behavior. At
last, in the process of promoting space production, all parties pay attention to the influence of social
identity, pay attention to the economic interests of rural native residents, social belonging, cultural
identity and other non-economic interest demands, promote the formation of new social relations, and provide guarantee for the orderly promotion of space reproduction.
After these main ideas, the research also puts forward corresponding optimization suggestions based on the coordination and sustainability of rural
spatial production. Detailedly there are two aspects of suggestions including spatial benefit distribution and cultivation of spatial production power, to reduce
the negative effects of space production under the direction of market consumption demand. For one thing, in the process of rural transformation under the
influence of urban consumption demand, the balance of multiple interests is the key to the coordinated promotion of spatial production. Local governments
should play a guiding and coordinating role, set up a fair and reasonable spatial benefit distribution mechanism with clear rights and responsibilities,
create a fair business environment, and effectively attract capital, technology and other factors to continue to flow into rural areas. At the same time,
when guiding villagers to transfer part of their spatial rights, attention should be paid to the establishment and improvement of the benefit compensation
mechanism to provide basic living security for villagers by providing jobs and regular dividends, so as to gather social identity and ensure the sustainability
of spatial production. For another, the cultivation of endogenous driving force in villages is an important factor affecting the benign and sustainable spatial
production. Local governments should strengthen the spatial development rights of social subjects, mainly villagers, and enhance their awareness and ability
to participate in spatial production. On the one hand, to strengthen the construction of rural governance capacity, through the innovation of grassroots
governance mode, optimize and improve the village collective grass-roots functions, strengthen the village collective as the “agent” of villagers’ interests,
the village order “maintainer” role, to provide organizational support for the expansion of village collective economy; On the other hand, in addition to
providing opportunities for the villagers to participate in the industry, more attention should be paid to improving the villagers’ spatial development ability,
improving the villagers’ labor force level and ideology by means of knowledge output and employment training, and guiding them to effectively participate in
the spatial production and become the new driving force of spatial production. In short, the study refers that: in the process of rural transformation, we should
pay attention to the influence of capital multiplication behavior on rural spatial functional structure, social relationship network, cultural composition and
other aspects, and pay attention to the role of power subjects in element allocation, supervision and management, so as to create a just and equitable spatial
production pattern. |
| Key words: Space Production Rural Fringe of Metropolis Space Transformation |
