| 摘要: |
| 为探究宗祠分布与传统村落水景空间的
关系，提高对乡村景观原真性的认知水平。研究
选取新安江流域内3个典型传统村落作为案例，
共计484条水景轴线与23座宗祠建筑，通过多因
素方差分析与相关分析以及核密度估计法来检
验宗祠与水景之间的空间关系。结果发现：首先，
当水景与宗祠的空间关系越密切时，前者的空间
对称性越强，分布形态越规律；其次，当水景与
宗祠的空间关系越疏远，前者的空间聚集度越
低，分布越松散；最后，主祠与水景空间分布的
整体关系强于支祠，局部关系却弱于支祠。研究
表明，宗祠分布与传统村落水景空间的关系体现
了一定的秩序性原则，该现象反映出以血缘关系
为核心的宗法文化不仅影响村落建筑布局，还与
水景空间分布特征存在一定的关系。 |
| 关键词: 新安江 传统村落 宗祠 水景空间 相
关性 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230219 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金艺术学项目（18CG197） |
|
| The Correlation Between the Distribution of Ancestral Halls and Waterscape of TraditionalVillages in Xin’an River Basin, China |
|
DING Jie,XU Yujie,SHEN Xin
|
| Abstract: |
| This study aims to improve the cognition of historical authenticity of rural landscape by
exploring the correlation between the distribution of ancestral halls and waterscape in traditional
villages. Three typical traditional villages, Xinye Village, Shangwufang Village and Licun Village,
in the lower reaches of Xin’an River in western Zhejiang Province, China, are selected as cases in
this study, with a total of 484 waterscape axes and 23 ancestral hall buildings. UCL Depthmap 10
and Arc GIS 10.5 were used to calculate the global integration degree, local integration degree and
nearest proximity index of the waterscape axis of the sample, as well as the average linear distance
and average topological distance between the waterscape axis and the ancestral hall. The average
linear distance (representing the distance between the ancestral hall and the waterscape) and the
average topological distance (representing the accessibility between the waterscape and the ancestral
hall), representing the spatial relationship between the ancestral hall and the waterscape, were
taken as independent variables (the vector data were imported into Arc GIS 10.5 software, and the
independent variables were classified into three levels according to the order of low, middle and high
by using the equal interval method). With the global integration degree (representing the distribution
feature of waterscape global space), local integration degree (representing the distribution feature of
waterscape local space) and nearest neighbor index (representing the spatial aggregation degree of
waterscape distribution) as dependent variables, 3 (average linear distance: short distance, middle
distance, long distance) ×3 (average topological distance: Low value, median value, high value)
multivariate analysis of variance. By testing the main effect and interaction of independent variables
on dependent variables, and combining kernel density estimation method and correlation analysis,
this paper reveals the spatial relations between the distribution of ancestral halls and waterscape in
traditional villages and its specific manifestations, and tests whether there is a correlation between
the distribution of ancestral halls and waterscape space. The results show that: 1)when the average
linear distance between waterscape axis and ancestral hall is closer, the global integration degree of
waterscape axis decreases with the increase of average topological distance. It shows that the closer
the spatial relations between waterscape and ancestral hall is, the stronger the global symmetry of the
former space is and the more regular the distribution pattern is. 2)When the average linear distance
between waterscape axis and ancestral hall is closer, the local integration degree of waterscape axis
decreases with the increase of average topological distance. It shows that when the spatial relations
between waterscape and ancestral hall is closer, the local symmetry of the former space is stronger
and the distribution pattern is more regular. 3)As the linear distance or topological distance between
waterscape and ancestral hall is farther, the nearest proximity index of waterscape space is larger.
It shows that when the spatial relations between waterscape and ancestral hall is more distant, the
spatial aggregation degree of the former is lower and the distribution is looser. 4)In the three villages,
the correlation coefficients between the topological distance between waterscape and main ancestral
hall and the nearest neighbor index of waterscape and the global integration degree were higher
than those of the branch ancestral hall, but the correlation coefficients between waterscape and localintegration degree were lower than those of the branch ancestral hall. This indicates that the space order of the ancestral hall and waterscape is related to the
rank division of the ancestral hall. The main ancestral hall has a strong correlation with the overall shape of the waterscape space, while the branch ancestral
hall has a strong correlation with the local shape of the waterscape space. Therefore, the main temple plays a higher role in guiding the spatial distribution
of waterscape than the branch temple. The research shows that there is a significant correlation between the distribution of ancestral hall in traditional
villages and the spatial features of waterscape, and this spatial relations reflects a certain principle of order. This phenomenon reflects that the patriarchal
culture centered on blood relationship not only affects the layout of village buildings, but also has a certain relations with the spatial distribution features
of waterscape. Although this cannot indicate that the distribution form of waterscape space is directly affected by ancestral hall architecture, it can at least
reflect that when natural rivers enter traditional villages, they will have a certain spatial connection with the distribution of ancestral hall architecture. |
| Key words: The Xin’an River Basin Traditional Village Ancestral Hall Waterscape Correlation |
