| 摘要: |
| 岭南低地水网密布的环境中，沥滘水
乡是一个以宗族主导的沙田开发为背景，以地
缘、血缘关系为连接，以集体力量改造周边环境
构建出的有多样化形态类型的水乡聚落群。通
过文献阅读、实地访谈调研、地图分析等方式，
探讨水网环境影响下沥滘水乡聚落群的形态类
型构成，归纳网型水乡聚落、块型水乡聚落、线
性水乡聚落的基本形态特征，分析聚落空间的
结构层次和营建逻辑；并在共时性研究的基础
上，探讨其历时性演化的机制和路径。对这一案
例的研究是对聚落群空间层面的岭南水乡聚落
研究的补充和拓展，对于该历史地区的保护更
新建构更为坚实的理论基础。 |
| 关键词: 岭南水乡聚落群 水网环境 空间形
态 空间演化 宗族社会 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230220 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目、重点项目、重大项目
（51978275） |
|
| Research on Traditional Spatial Morphology and Evolution Mechanism of LijiaoWaterfront Settlements Cluster |
|
PAN Ying,SU Yunlei,SHI Ying
|
| Abstract: |
| The study area focuses on the Lijiao region, which is a cluster of waterfront settlements
with diversified settlement morphological type under the background of the sand flat development
dominated by clans in the Linnan lowland with a dense network of water. The Lijiao waterfront
settlements include Lijiao village, a settlement in the Mintian district and ten villages of Houjiao,
Chijiao, Xijiao, Shaxi, Shangjiao, Xiajiao, Luoxi, Mangjiao, Dasha and Xinyu in the sand flat
district, which were dominated and influenced by Lijiao clans in the traditional period. These
settlements have close consanguineous and geographical ties, showing that settlements with large
gaps in economic strength and social status have both difference and similarity in spatial pattern and
construction logic. It becomes a typical case of the Lingnan waterfront settlement.
In the intense urbanization process, the landscape pattern and spatial pattern of Lijiao
waterfront settlements have been seriously damaged. As a result, the remaining waterfront features
are facing a survival crisis. Thus, Lijiao waterfront settlements have to be put on the urban renewal
plan. This study tries to figure out the traditional spatial morphology and spatial evolution law in
the Lijiao region based on this situation. The result of the study can help define the heritage value of
waterfront settlements in the suburbs of Guangzhou, and may provide references for the future urban
renewal and the living environment construction of localization.
Based on the literature reading, history satellite imagery study, ancient map analysis and field
interviews, the settlement spatial morphology, lineage society construction and the land development
history of the clan-led land development mode have been comprehensively analyzed. This paper
explored the synchronic morphological characteristics of different types of waterfront settlements in
the Lijiao region under the Clan-led Land development mode, and discussed the diachronic evolution
and evolution mechanism of Lijiao waterfront settlements by extracting its spatial structure.
Conclusion: 1)settlements in Lijiao region were generated in three stages, from the Southern
Song Dynasty to the Republic of China, along with the time sequence of land development,
especially the sand flat reclamation. The sand flat reclamation led by clans in Lijiao Village had
promoted the expansion of the settlements in the private field district while promoting the formation
of the settlements in the sand flat district in Lijiao region.”2)According to the differences of land
development time series and settlement spatial morphology, the Lijiao waterfront settlements can
be divided into three main types. The net-type waterfront settlement located in the center of clan-
dominated power during the earliest period. The comb-shaped waterfront settlements located at the
edge of clan power in the earlier period. The linear waterfront settlements located at the edge of clan
power with a shorter history. 3)Combined with the clan and social relations study, the hierarchical
spatial structure of these three types of waterfront settlements are extracted and analyzed. It is found
that the complex clan and social relations of these three types of settlements are projected onto the
settlement space, showing that with the increasing complexity of social relations, the settlement
forms become more orderly, and the spatial hierarchical structure increases. 4)The classification
of the spatial morphology of Lijiao waterfront settlements is synchronic, showing the observed
patterns of three different evolutionary stages of waterfront settlements in one time slice. From adiachronic point of view, these three types of spatial morphology show the common stage evolution characteristics of waterfront settlement from simple to
complex. With the development of clans from scratch, the division of houses and branches, and the combination of families, the spatial hierarchy structure of
waterfront settlement increased. Firstly, it evolved from linear waterfront settlement into comb-shaped waterfront settlement but just along the river on one
side. And then, it gradually broke the boundary of the water area, bringing the river network into the settlement. Finally, it became the net-type waterfront
settlement. 5)Finally, the paper affirms the cultural value of Lijiao waterfront settlements as a part of the urban memory of Guangzhou. In the future urban
renewal, we should continue the texture of the waterfront settlement, protect historical buildings, and inherit the culture. |
| Key words: Lingnan Waterfront Settlement Cluster Water Network Environment Spatial Morphology Spatial Evolution Lineage Society |
