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基于多源数据的城市街区紧凑度与骑行活动关联效应研究* ——以苏州为例
傅 彬, 叶 宇, 林中杰
作者单位
傅 彬  
叶 宇  
林中杰  
摘要:
随着中国城镇化步入“下半程”,从增 “量”向提“质”的转型需要更为紧凑、更为健 康的城市空间形态。针对这一需求,本研究基于 多源城市数据,一方面构建城市街区紧凑度测 度,另一方面抓取共享单车使用数据作为骑行 活动指征,构建城市街区紧凑度指标与共享单 车使用之间的关联性模型。针对多元线性回归结 果中五个显著相关的影响因素进行深入对比分 析,提出苏州骑行环境、共享单车租赁点布置等 方面存在的缺陷,并提出相应的建议与措施。旨 在通过紧凑城市理念来研究城市结构形态、空 间模式和社会活动的环境要素与城市居民身体 活动的相关性,为紧凑城市与健康城市的发展 提供导控建议。
关键词:  城市形态  街区紧凑度  骑行活动  多 源数据
DOI:10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220517
分类号:
基金项目:
Analyzing the Correlation Between Urban Compactness and Cycling Activities UsingMulti-source Data: A Case Study of Suzhou
FU Bin, YE Yu, LIN Zhongjie
Abstract:
The rapid urbanization of China in the past three decades has brought about a series of urban problems. The expansion and transformation of urban spaces have created tremendous pressure on the fragile ecological and cultural environments, and the health of urban residents is facing unprecedented challenges. The concept of compact city focuses on improving the quality of urban spaces through the rational organization of building density and the organic integration of programs and urban spaces. As an effective urban development model to guide sustainable urban development, it has drawn much attention of many researchers and city decision makers. In order to better deal with the existing problems of the city, one must understand how the urban spatial pattern influences the building of healthy environment. This paper aims to study the relationship among urban structure, spatial pattern and environmental factors as well as social activities of the city through the concept of compact city, in order to explore ways to improve the health of urban residents. The paper first introduces the compact city theory and related research, and summarizes the research results of a series of recent scholarships. Research of compact city theory is summarized in three aspects: city density, city efficiency, and city form. Based on these aspects, the dimensions are sorted out, summarized, and screened to organize secondary indicators related to specific measurement method of each indicator. Then a compact metric model of urban blocks is built with ArcGIS. It also points out the limitations of existing index measurement methods, and makes corresponding adjustments based on the this study. For indicators that reflect environment’s health level, this paper demonstrates that slow physical activity has a significant effect on reducing the incidence of chronic diseases. This finding has been drawn from analyses of Suzhou travel data, characteristics of Suzhou residents’ travel patterns, and the shared bicycle rental model in Suzhou. In comprehensive consideration, the slow physical activity that will affect health mainly focuses on the use of bicycles sharing service. Since the cycling activity data is collected through the shared bicycle rental site, the Tyson polygon method is used to divide the effective area according to the rental site.The independent variable compact quantization model and the dependent variable cycling activity data are mapped to the measured data relationship. This paper uses multiple linear regression to analyze the correlation between the compactness index and the usage of shared bicycles. According to the regression results, five indicators with significant correlation are selected from the compact metric model of urban blocks. Then, it conducts an in-depth comparative analysis of these five significantly related factors, which reveals the issues in the deployment of Suzhou’s shared bicycle rental site and riding environment, and suggests corresponding suggestions and measures. This paper focuses on a research sequence from macro to medium and micro. By quantifying the indicators of compact cities to test and optimize the indicator system, it will promote compact city design methods, provide quantitative data to support compact city theory and healthy city theory. It’s also expected to provide quantitative research support for creating a cycling-friendly environment and to encourage sustainable slow-movement transportation. It introduces countermeasures and measures to increase the frequency of citizens’ physical activities and improve the health of citizens.
Key words:  Urban Form  Urban Block Compactness  Cycling Activities  Multi-Source Data