|
| 摘要: |
| 滨水公共空间是城市重要的休憩场所，
有些却因为基面衔接不当、岸线形式单一、建筑
设置受限、设施配套错位等不能契合使用者的
行为需求。而行为模拟可以自下而上呈现空间
中的自组织行为，对滨水公共空间研究有应用
前景，也符合城市数字化转型的发展背景，但目
前研究还主要集中于交通疏散行为。本文通过
国内外文献数据库，采用CiteSpace软件进行统
计，解析户外公共空间的调研分析和行为模拟
的相关热点，对主要文献和滨水相关文献进行
解读并总结不足。在此基础上，针对滨水复杂空
间的随机行为研究，提出关键问题和突破方向：以偏好分析与行为模拟相结合来探寻滨水使用者
的行为偏好；以多代理行为模拟对滨水休憩行为进行仿真模拟；以滨水关键要素节点的量化拟合
使模拟情境贴近实测场景；建立三个维度的综合测度指标体系辅助滨水公共空间的精细诊断。 |
| 关键词: 行为模拟 户外公共空间 休憩行为 滨水公共空间 研究方向 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220513 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Research Trends of Outdoor Public Space and Key Problems of Waterfront Based onBehavior Simulation |
|
YANG Chunxia, ZHAN Ming, GENG Huizhi, LIU Mengxuan, LYV Chengzhe
|
| Abstract: |
| Waterfront is an important recreational space in the city. However, some extensive
constructions make the urban waterfront less dynamic. Some waterfront public space cannot
really meet people’s behavioral needs because of improper connection of the base surface,
single form of shoreline, limited building settings, and misplaced facilities. How to build a
waterfront public space that really meets the needs of people’s behavior and activities is an
urgent topic to discuss. Micro-behavior simulation can simulate the self-organizing behavior
in the space from bottom to top. It can well present the crowd activities under the influence of
the complex spatial elements of waterfront. It has a good application prospect for the research
of waterfront public space, and is also in line with the development background of urban digital
transformation.
Based on domestic and foreign literature databases, this paper uses CiteSpace software to
count the time distribution of literature quantity to present the research development context,
conducts keyword co-word analysis to show the research hotspots, and conducts literature
cluster analysis to summarize the research frontiers. Then, this paper analyzes the hot spots
related to the investigation and behavior simulation of outdoor public space, interprets the main
literature and waterfront related literature and summarizes the shortcomings. On this basis, the
key problems and breakthrough directions are put forward.
In terms of the investigation and analysis of outdoor public space, the data collection
method has experienced the transformation from manual survey and collection of small
samples to multi-source data collection. And the collection of micro-behavioral data
is indispensable to explore the diverse activities under the inf luence of the complex
waterfront environment. The research data analysis method has developed from relying
on the traditional mathematical statistics analysis to the application of preference
method. However, these two analysis methods are static analysis, which cannot ref lect
the interaction relationship between space and behavior over time. The introduction of
behavior simulation technology brings the possibility of dynamic analysis of the interaction
relationship between environment and behavior. Based on the analysis of survey data, the diagnosis of public space has gradually expanded
from the initial spatial perspective of paying more attention to physical and environmental elements to the behavioral perspective of people’s
dynamic activities. Most of the waterfront studies follow the diagnostic analysis method of general public space but the current research lacks
diagnostic dimensions and indicators for waterfront characteristics.
About behavioral simulation of outdoor public space, it is widely used in indoor evacuation and gradually extended to outdoor public space.
However, current studies mostly focus on linear commercial streets and closed parks with relatively simple behavioral streamlines. The relevant
literature lacks research on the micro spatial level of waterfront, and pays less attention to recreation behavior. The operation principle of behavior
simulation mainly includes probability principle and mechanism principle. Compared with probability principle, mechanism principle is more
flexible and more suitable for stochastic behavior simulation. But the existing researches are mostly applied to the relatively single consumption
behavior in the commercial street, ignoring the influence of other facilities. The interaction mechanism of waterfront public space with higher
complexity and richer elements and the resulting diverse random behaviors needs to be further analyzed. In terms of model construction, current
studies mainly rely on existing models or improve them, and rarely combine the advantages of various micro behavior simulation models to construct
combined models. There is a lack of mature combined model construction means for complex urban public space and crowd activities. The lack of
quantitative comparison between simulated and measured data, especially the quantitative fitting analysis of local and specific elements of public
space, makes the fitting effect generally good, but partial poor.
On the basis of analyzing the hot spots related to the investigation and behavior simulation of outdoor public space, this paper proposes
several breakthrough directions for the random behavior research of complex space in the waterfront: combining preference analysis and behavior
simulation to explore the waterfront behavior preference; using multi-agent behavior simulation to accurately simulate recreational behavior;
fitting quantitatively of key element node space to make simulation situation close to actual scene; establishing a three-dimensional comprehensive
measurement index system to assist the fine diagnosis of waterfront public space. It’s expected that it will provide references for the construction of
waterfront public space that truly meets the needs of crowd activities and better guide the design. |
| Key words: Behavior Simulation Outdoor Public Space Recreational Behavior Waterfront Public Space Research Direction |
