|
| 摘要: |
| 当前我国城市发展模式正处于由增转
存的深度调整过程中，厘清前期发展过程中的
城市公园绿地可达性时空演变特征规律将有助
于下阶段的公园绿地建设和人居环境改善。本
文以济南市中心城区为例，对城市区域特征、公
园绿地可达性的内在构成和影响因素进行了解
读，并应用地理探测器工具分析了城市公园绿地
可达性覆盖率和时空演变轨迹。研究发现济南
存量和增量两种类型区域存在显著的城市公园
绿地可达性分异，并对两者的差异化驱动因素进
行了识别，具体表现为：存量地区公园绿地可达
性显著优于增量地区，可达性改善程度却显著低
于增量地区；存量地区可达性趋向空间平衡，而
增量地区可达性始终聚集在特定区域。在驱动因素上，存量地区与增量地区存在单因驱动和多因
交互驱动的显著差异。基于此提出创新公园绿地投入、探索多元化空间要素协同等下阶段城市公
园绿地规划建设管理的合理应对策略。 |
| 关键词: 增量—存量空间 城市公园绿地 可达性 地理探测器 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220512 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Spatiotemporal Evolution of Accessibility of Park Green Space Based on Geodetector: ACase Study of Central Jinan City during the Period of 2006-2018 |
|
LU Shuang, WANG Yu, ZENG Peng
|
| Abstract: |
| After rapid urbanization in the past 30 years, most cities in China are now experiencing the
transformation of development path. Their spatial structure is now in a process of adjusting key models
of spatial growth from incremental areas to built-up areas. After paying attention to the number of park
green space (PGS) in the stage of rapid development, it is necessary to optimize the accessibility of urban
parks and green space so that citizens can easily access the public resources of urban park and green
space. As an important part of the future development of high-quality cities, it is necessary to clarify
the changes of residential and green space growth in different periods. Targeted optimization paths can
thus be proposed to the further deepen a more balanced development of urban space in the future. This
study conducted a case study in the city of Jinan. Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, is a megacity
located in Northern China. By the end of 2021, its urban population is over nine million. The city is
implementing the new “park city” development goal and now exploring the optimization mechanism for
improving urban park and green space accessibility in the future. For future urban policies, it is important
to understand the trajectory of park green space evolution and the change of accessibility from reviewing
past decade’s urban development. The study chose the central city of Jinan as key research area. 81 street
administrative divisions within the central city were selected as basic research units. The composition
of accessibility to urban parks and their related service circles formed by residential and green land
were drawn. Based on this, the coverage of urban park’s accessibility was evaluated. On account of the
characteristics of urban development, the city was divided into several quadrants by time and space in
order to explore the dynamic evolution characteristics of park green space accessibility. In this paper,
Geodetector was used as the main spatial statistics tool for analyzing the evolution of park green space
inside the case study city. Driving factors of the evolution of park green space and the changes of its
accessibility were also examined. The Factor Detector of Geodetector was used to detect The explanatory
power of each factor on the accessibility of park green space. The Interaction Detector of Geodetector was used to detect whether the explanatory power of the two
factors on the accessibility of park green space would be increased or weakened when the two factors acted together, or whether the influence of these factors on the
accessibility of park green space was independent of each other. It’s concluded that the accessibility of PGS in the built-up areas was significantly better than that in
the incremental areas. The improvement degree of the accessibility of PGS in built-up areas was significantly lower than that in incremental areas. From exploring
the spatio-temporal pattern, although the improvement degree of accessibility of PGS in built-up areas is relatively low, it gradually tends to spatial balance through
space repair and other policies. However, although the general accessibility of park green space in incremental areas has been improved obviously, the spatial
distribution of green space is always concentrated in specific areas such as new towns. Therefore, the development of park green space may deviate from the actual
needs of local residents. Evolvement analysis of accessibility of park and green space was further conducted by discovering related driving factors in Geotector.
Significant differences between the driving factors in built-up areas and incremental areas were observed through further analysis of the change of accessibility of
PGS. The change is driven by single factor built-up areas, meanwhile multi-factor interaction drives the change in incremental areas. In general, the explanatory
outcome of the influencing factors of the accessibility of PGS varied greatly in the four quadrants regarding its spatial distribution. The explanatory power of the scale
of new development factor (G-S) is obviously better than other factors. Factors such as dominant function (M-F), natural conditions (N-C) and green space type (GT)
have a certain degree of explanatory power in the incremental areas. However, this explanation in the built-up areas is weak. The model’s explanation for factors
such as new residential scale (R-S), residential type (R-T) in the four quadrants is basically weak. The development scale of new park green space is the single factor
influencing the accessibility of park green space in the built-up areas. And its explanatory ability is found growing year by year. By contrast, the interaction effect
of two factors in urban incremental areas is significantly higher than that of single factors. In the early stage before 2006, the combination of additional residential
scale elements (R-S) and other elements such as green space type (G-T), dominant function (M-F) and natural conditions (N-C) can achieve better enhancement
effect. However, in the later period, the explanatory effects from each factor have all decreased. The research thus further establishes a new perspective of exploring
park green space change by dividing city into incremental and built-up space. It reveals the important role that the location of park and green space play. Based on
this, in order to comprehensively and systematically improve the relationship between residential and green space, this paper proposes to establish a hierarchical
optimization strategy in different types of regions. Mastering the adjustment rules by considering spatial differentiations inside megacity’s large urban areas is an
important basis for future urban policy-makers. For the future development path, the decisive promotion effects of park green space on the human settlement should
be better realized in the built-up area. Under the tight constraints of construction land, a variety of innovative ways should be encouraged to promote the provision of
park and green space. For incremental areas, it is also important to realize the synergistic effect of multiple factors for incremental areas and encourage synergistic
ways of diversified spatial elements. |
| Key words: Increment-Revitalization Apace Park Green Space Accessibility Geodetector |
