| 摘要: |
| 随着对生产、生态、生活之间相互影
响、和谐发展的了解，以及对传统村落重要性认
知的不断加深，以牺牲环境、无视生活为代价
谋求经济发展的方式逐步被“三生融合”的发
展理念所替代。然而现阶段“三生”之间的磨合
与拮抗在很长一段时间内仍将是禁锢传统村落
发展的重要因素。同时，中国传统村落具有种类
多、分布广、数量大等特性，为相关研究带来巨
大的挑战。基于此，论文尝试以“三生融合”为
导向，构建基于“三生融合度”的传统村落分类
模型，旨在为基于分类基础上传统村落活态化
发展策略的后续研究奠定基础，并以环太湖流
域具有代表性的国家级传统村落为例，进行分
类模型的实证研究。结果表明，根据分类模型可
将环太湖流域传统村落划分为成熟改善型、拮
抗调整型及失衡重构型三类，能有效结合不同
类型传统村落的“三生”特征，针对性地总结凝
练出保护发展的经验与策略，其分类过程与结果亦可为其他地区的传统村落定位与发展提供参考和借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 传统村落 村落分类 三生融合度 环太湖流域 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220614 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:“十三五”国家重点研发课题（2019YFD1100903） |
|
| Study on the Classification of Traditional Villages Based on the Degree of Production-EcologyLiving Integration: Taking Traditional Villages in the Taihu Lake Basin as Examples |
|
LI Qi,XU Xiaodong,WANG Wei
|
| Abstract: |
| Due to the historical limitations of recognition on the production-ecology-living and
the long-term urban-rural dichotomy that drives the development of modern cities in China, the
contradiction between production development, ecological protection and life enhancement in
traditional villages is highly acute. Although with the understanding of the interplay interaction and
harmonious development between production, ecology and life, as well as the deepening awareness
of the great importance of traditional villages, the way of seeking economic development at the
expense of environment and ignorance of life quality is gradually replaced by the development
concept of production-ecology-living integration, however, the friction and antagonism between the
production-ecology-living will confine the development of traditional villages for a long time. At
the same time, Chinese traditional villages are largely diverse, widely distributed and considerable,
bringing with great challenges for related research. As one of the research methods that can
effectively and clearly analyze the development characteristics, regularity and internal logical
relationships of complex research objects, the classification research of traditional villages oriented
by the concept of “production-ecology-living integration” can, to a certain extent, promote the
development of the theory and practice of the protection strategies and the sustainable development
within traditional villages. Nevertheless, the existing classification methods do not sufficiently
discuss the relationship between the elements of each dimension of production-ecology-living, and
there is a general lack of quantitative classification studies on a small scale, mainly in traditional
villages. Based on this, this paper proposes a classification model of traditional villages based on
the production-ecology-living integration to provide the foundation for the subsequent research
about the protection strategies within traditional villages, and takes representative national-level
traditional villages in the Taihu Lake basin as examples to conduct the case study and validation
of the classification model. That is, firstly, to quantify “production-ecology-living integration” by
constructing the evaluation system, and then to calculate the degree of production-ecology-living
integration and conduct the cluster analysis. Lastly, based on which different types of villages are
defined with the current situation of traditional villages. The results show that the traditional villages
in the Taihu Lake basin can be classified based on the model as three typical types of “mature andimproved”, “antagonistic and adjusted”, and “imbalanced and reconstructed”. Among them, the higher degree of production-ecology-living integration in
“mature and improved traditional villages” not only indicates that the villages have initially achieved the development goal of production-ecology-living
integration, but also reflects that the development of these villages in each dimension of production-life-ecology is also more mature and stable. However,
some of the fluctuations reflect that there are still elements that restrict the further development in the current traditional villages. The overall integration
of production-ecology-living in the “antagonistic and adjusted traditional villages” is relatively average while the development of the production-ecologyliving elements is extremely unbalanced. Usually, due to the natural disadvantages of the village or the acquired deficiencies caused by improper protection,
some elements within the village dominate the development of production-ecology-living and gradually widen the gap between the superior and inferior.
Thus, although villages can rely on their inherent resource advantages to achieve a higher coupling coordination degree among certain elements, the overall
development orientation and strategy cannot match the current situation and needs of the villages. The “imbalanced and reconstructed villages” have a low
degree of production-ecology-living integration which shows a serious imbalance. This type of village is in dire need of a change in the current development
model. However, at the same time, some higher coupling coordination degree can reflect to a certain extent the characteristics of the existing resources and
the potential for future development and reconstruction of villages. In conclusion, the classification model based on the production-ecology-living integration
can effectively combine the production-ecology-living characteristics of different types of traditional villages and summarize and condense the experience
and strategies of protection and development in a targeted manner. The classification process and results can also provide references for the positioning and
development of traditional villages in other regions. |
| Key words: Traditional Villages Village Classification Degree of Production-Ecology-Living Integration Taihu Lake Basin |
