| The construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir has reshaped the spatial pattern
and landscape of the cities and towns in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. With the change
of hydrological conditions in the reservoir area, the riverside space of the cities and towns in
the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, which is located at the junction of land and water, has been
redefined. At the same time, in the process of resettlement and subsequent urban construction of
the Three Gorges Project, a series of water conservancy, transportation, municipal, geological
disaster prevention and control projects have been built along the river bank to deal with the
security threats such as floods and geological disasters, and maintain the integrity of urban
transportation, municipal infrastructure and other systems. Engineering reconstruction does
not only reshape the urban riverside space, but also brings about problems such as ecological
degradation, cultural disappearance, space division, and decline in vitality. Under the
background of ecological civilization, how to innovate ideas and methods to comprehensively
regenerate and systematically upgrade the urban riverbanks in the Three Gorges Reservoir
Area is a problem that needs to be solved.
The urban riverbank of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area is the slope bank of the
mountainous region, the riverbank formed by the reconstruction of the immigrants, the
riverbank with seasonal changes and significant fluctuations in water level, and the river bank
with multiple urban functions. This paper analyzes the challenges brought by topographic
conditions, flood disasters, historical town construction and other factors to the regeneration
of the riverbank of the cities and towns in the reservoir area, and criticizes the impact of the
idea of engineering reconstruction on the ecological environment, urban landscape, historical
and cultural heritage protection and urban vitality. In view of the deficiencies in the objectives,
strategies, actions and other aspects of the urban riverbank upgrading in the Three Gorges
Reservoir Area, and drawing on the theory and methods of landscape urbanism, this paper
proposes that the urban riverbank upgrading in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area should shift
from the “project reconstruction paradigm” to the “landscape regeneration paradigm”, and
proposes the regeneration and upgrading strategies based on landscape urbanism.
Landscape urbanism believes that landscape is the overall spatial form including
various spatial elements such as buildings, roads, greening, public facilities, infrastructure
and open space, and is the carrier of urban functions and urban life. Based on the holisticthinking of landscape, the article proposes that in the process of upgrading the riverside of the cities and towns in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,
various construction needs should be coordinated, the construction goals should be reasonably determined, the entire waterfront space including
river surface, river beach, riverside and riverside space should be planned and designed in an integrated way, and various water conservancy,
transportation, municipal infrastructure and urban public space should be arranged in a unified way within the limited space to reduce the cutting
of linear projects on the relationship between the river and the city. Also, learning from the traditional urban construction mode, it reconstructs the
spatial pattern of towns along the river, and strengthens the functional linkage and landscape connection. At the same time, in the construction and
management link, it is necessary to balance the water and the shore, give consideration to the ideal and reality, and pay attention to the coordination,
comprehensive treatment, phased implementation and gradual improvement.
The landscape urbanism regards the landscape as an ecosystem, emphasizes the dynamic characteristics of temporal and spatial changes, and
as an operation mode, uses the change process to exercise the landscape function and solve urban problems. Based on the process of landscape,
the paper proposes four strategies. In terms of flood control and waterlogging drainage, cities and towns should turn from being enemies of water
to coexistence with flood, adopt both engineering measures and non engineering measures, take into account the rigidity of safety standards,
the elasticity of space utilization and the resilience of urban operation, build a flood control and waterlogging drainage system suiTab.for the
characteristics of cities and towns, and improve the ability of cities and towns to comprehensively deal with flood and waterlogging disasters. In
terms of ecological restoration, it is necessary to retain the process of natural succession and survival, and at the same time, through appropriate
manual intervention and prudent development and construction, it should build a natural artificial complex to promote the formation of good urban
ecology. In terms of space utilization, it can be dynamically adapted to the periodic change of water level in the reservoir area, and appropriately
use the water fluctuation zone and flood discharge space of the reservoir according to the principle of “water entering and people retreating, water
retreating and people entering”. In terms of landscape shaping, dynamic landscape should be shaped in combination with water level changes, and
people’s experiences should be emphasized to create an attractive place. |
