| 摘要: |
| 全球城市化与气候变化背景下，城市微
气候的改变给居民带来了严重的心理健康危害。
其中微气候的舒适度对情绪健康的影响机制，
是需要进一步明确的科学问题。本文基于高温
热浪天的情绪问卷调查及实测温度、湿度、风速
数据，利用GIS、SPSS和MATLAB等软件分析
探讨热舒适度对40岁以上中老年人群的负向情
绪影响。研究结果表明：高温热浪天气，随着舒
适度指数的升高，中老年人情绪健康影响总体
呈上升的特征，在不同的性别和年龄中存在差
异；舒适度对负向情绪因子分为不受影响、影响
较微弱、影响较明显3种类型，不同的类型具有
不同的情绪状态；舒适度指数与负向情绪因子的
影响程度存在明显线型差异，影响程度依次是：
心烦>易怒>紧张>敌意；随着舒适度指数的升
高，情绪因子的受影响程度呈现阶段性的变化。
舒适度对心烦、易怒、紧张的影响呈起伏波动，
敌意呈单调递增加趋势；通过本研究以期为健康城市规划和风景园林设计，提供城市微气候健康调节的理论基础。 |
| 关键词: 舒适度 负向情绪 情绪健康 影响机制 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220408 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31971717） |
|
| Analysis on Comfort in Megacities and Response Mechanism of Middle-Aged and ElderlyPeople’s Emotional Health |
|
HUANG Huanchun,DENG Xin,CHEN Tunong,ZHU Bowei,LIU Junjie
|
| Abstract: |
| Against the backdrop of global urbanization and climate change, urban heat island
(UHI) has been increasing in both intensity and area. As a result, heat waves in summer become
more intensified, frequent, and extensive, causing changes in urban microclimate, and posing
serious threats on the mental health of residents. How the comfort level of microclimate affects
residents’ emotional health, in particular, needs further exploration. This study, based on the
theories and practices of emotional health measurement, constructed a scale of how summer
comfort affects urban residents’ emotion. In addition, according to questionnaire survey, and
temperature, humidity, and wind velocity measured in high-temperature days with heat waves,
this study analyzed how thermal comfort affects the negative emotions of middle-aged and
elderly population (over 40 years old) via GIS, SPSS and MATLAB.
Results show that in high-temperature days with heat waves, as comfort level rises, its effect on
the emotional health of middle-aged and elderly people rises in general, with variations in different
genders and age groups. Major factors of comfort’s influence on emotion are temperature, humidity
and wind velocity. In detail, temperature has the largest influence on irritability, then on distress;
humidity is not significantly correlated with nervousness, yet negatively correlated with distress,
hostility, and irritability; wind velocity, on the other hand, affects negative emotion by causing distress.
This study employed unsupervised learning neutral network model to analyze the types of influence
on emotion. Results show that comfort yields three types of influences on negative emotion—non-
influence, mild-influence, and significant influence, each with different emotional state. Comfort’s
influence on irritability is demonstrated as a cubic curve—as comfort level rises, irritability rises
constantly; during 93-95, influence gradually dwindles. The influence of comfort on negative emotion
has a clear linear order: distress > irritability > nervousness > hostility; as comfort level raises, the
influence on emotion experiences different stages of changes. Influence of comfort on distress shows
different stages of changes: during 84-88, influence rockets; during 88-94, influence dropped slowly;
during 94-95, influence climbs up slowly. The influence also varies in different genders and age
groups. To be specific, men’s distress showed a “M-shaped” curve, and men take up larger proportions
than women in both non-influence and most-serious-influence. Influence of comfort on nervousness
is demonstrated as a cubic curve, with different stages of changes: during 83-86, influence rockets;
during 86-91, influence stays stable; during 91-95, influence climbs up slowly. As comfort level rises,its influence on hostility also rises constantly: during 83-93, influence rockets; during 93-95, influence stays stable.
In high-temperature days with heat waves, the influence of environmental comfort on residents’ emotional health is in line with the stress response
theory of environmental psychology. This study decided on distress, irritability, hostility, and nervousness for analysis. Due to external influences from
social status, eco-environment, and physical environment, different people may have different stress responses to different temperature environments,
and generate various negative emotions. It will further look into that in the future. It’s expected that it will lay a theoretical foundation for planning
healthy cities, designing landscape architecture, and adjusting urban microclimate. |
| Key words: Comfort Negative Emotion Emotional Health Influence Mechanism |
