| 摘要: |
| 随着2018年国家自然资源部的成立，复
合生态引导的国土空间规划将指引下一阶段的
城乡建设工作。而乡村作为建成环境（城市）与
自然环境之间的过渡，在探索人与自然和谐共
生模式方面起着重要作用。本文以贵阳市麦翁
布依古寨为例，探讨中国西南地区城郊“特色
保护”类村庄的振兴模式。提出了以“自然（生
态）—社会（生活）—经济（生产）”复合生态
引导的乡村振兴思路和规划设计策略，并以“设
计研究”为手段，对规划设计方案的初步实施效
果进行了验证与反思。研究发现复合生态引导
的乡村规划设计路径有利于促成人与自然相互依存的动态平衡，但在实施过程中，需要与多元利益主体进行沟通协调，以实现生态系统的稳定、
方案的顺利实施以及乡村的长期可持续发展。 |
| 关键词: 生态 西南乡村 乡村振兴 设计研究 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20220219 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:英 国 艺 术 与 人 文 研 究 委 员 会 A H R C 项 目
（AH/R004129/1）；贵州省高等学校教改项
目（2019062）；浙江省自然科学基金项目
（LY19E080001）；西交利物浦大学本科生暑期研
究项目（SURF201925）；西交利物浦大学研究发
展基金项目（RDF-17-01-27）；西交利物浦大学教
学发展基金项目（TDF-20/21-R22-149） |
|
| Research on Ecosystem-Led Lifecycle Rural Planning and Design: A Case Study ofMaiweng Ancient Village of the Bouyei Ethnic Group in Guiyang City |
|
CHEN Bing,DING Yangyang,LIU Zixuan
|
| Abstract: |
| This research aims to explore the potential of using ecosystem-led planning and
design principle to facilitate rural revitalization in China from a whole lifecycle perspective
and to synthesize “nature, countryside, cities”. By reviewing the evolvement of the dynamic
interrelations between natural system and human settlements from a longitudinal perspective,
this research, based on the theories of landscape urbanism and ecological urbanism, develops a
new planning and design principle which is led by a “ecosystem” that consists of environmental,
social and economic ecologies from an integrated perspective. It is assumed that this ecosystem-
led planning and design principle would be capable of facilitating the territorial spatial planning
and nurturing a symbiosis mode of man and nature per the request of the Ministry of Natural
Resources of the People’s Republic of China. To validate this hypothesis, a case study of
Maiweng Ancient Village of the Bouyei ethnic group in Guiyang has been conducted, considering
that the rural villages, often located in-between the natural system and dense human settlements
(e.g. cities), plays an important role in exploring a symbiosis mode of man and nature.
Maiweng Ancient Village of the Bouyei ethnic group is a village with ethnic characteristics
located in urban-rural fringe area of Guiyang City. The original dynamic balance across
environmental, social and economic ecologies in this village has been somehow broken due to
the impact of fast urbanization and modernization. A research-by-design is conducted at this
village to examine the effectiveness of using ecosystem-led planning and design principle to
recover the local ecosystem and to repair the rural landscape. It includes: 1) project survey to
explore the place identity and landscape characteristics (e.g. a morphology known as mountain-
water-farmland-forest-village) that can provide a vision for rural revitalization; 2) ecosystem-
led planning proposal that intends to achieve a new dynamic coexist between man and nature
within local ecological capacity; 3) spatial planning to identify the key nodes for revitalizing
the target village based on an “acupuncture” approach; 4) node design using local materials
and low technical construction methods and raise awareness of local culture; 5) post-project
evaluation to explore the concerns from different stakeholder groups and then get the messageacross. The feedback will then be collected as evidence to inform the next round of design research.
Two nodes of Maiweng Ancient Village of the Bouyei ethnic group, one located in the entrance of the village and the other located in an alley,
have been selected as a pilot study. Following the ecosystem-led planning proposal, these two nodes have been designed-built-evaluated from a
whole lifecycle. It is found from this pilot study that this kind of project can efficiently raise people’s awareness of rural revitalization and thereby
facilitate the sustainable transfer between rural and urban resources, if different stakeholders could be actively engaged in the project lifecycle. To
achieve this objective, it is important to get the message across different stakeholder groups in a participatory design decision-making process and to
reach a consensus on the rural revitalization strategies towards a collaborative manner.
It is concluded in this research that the ecology-led rural planning and design approach would facilitate a dynamic balance between human and nature.
However, during the implementation process of such strategy, it is necessary to continuously communicate and coordinate with multiple stakeholders to
achieve the stability of the ecosystem, the smooth implementation of the plans, and the long-term sustainable development of the villages. |
| Key words: Ecology Rural Villages in the Southwest of China Rural Revitalization Research-by-Design |
