| 摘要: |
| 城市化进程的不断加快导致城市人
居环境质量发生变化，探究不同时期人居环
境质量的时空演变特征及其障碍因子对推
动区域和谐发展、缩短区域发展差距以及
推动人居环境建设有重要的借鉴意义。利
用基于熵值法的TOPSIS分析2000—2019年
中国区域人居环境质量，使用曼-肯德尔法
突变检验区域人居环境质量突变时间点，
采用局部高/低聚类探究区域人居环境质
量冷热点区，最后运用障碍度模型对其障
碍因子进行分析，结果表明：一、时间变化：
2000—2019年中国区域人居环境质量整体
上提高了26.18%，人居环境质量区域差异波
动明显，整体下降了35.66%；二、突变检测：
2009年为2000—2019年中国区域人居环境
质量发生突变的时间节点；三、空间变化：2000—2019年中国区域人居环境质量区域分异明显，主要表现为“阶梯”式空间分布结构，人
居环境质量热点区域主要分布在东部地区；四、障碍因子：2000—2019年中国区域人居环境质
量障碍因子逐渐由文化性障碍转变为社会性障碍，障碍主要阻力为社会环境。 |
| 关键词: 人居环境 时空分异 障碍因子 中国 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20210606 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（41671158）；2019年
度辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目（L19CJY007） |
|
| Spatial and Temporal Differentiation Pattern and Obstacle Factor Diagnosis of HumanSettlements Quality in China |
|
LIU He,LI Xueming,TIAN Shenzhen
|
| Abstract: |
| Since the reform and opening up, the level of regional development in China has
been greatly improved, the regional development strategy has also made China’s economic
development level continue to improve, the process of urbanization continues to accelerate,
but with the accelerated flow of population, the regional environment began to undergo
great changes, the quality of the ecological environment decreased, traffic congestion,
housing tension and a series of human settlements gradually appeared. The provincial unit
has distinct stability and difference characteristics, and the provincial government also has
the status of connecting the above with the following. It has certain feasibility and research
value to take the provinces and cities of China as the research unit. Based on this, this paper
probes into the temporal and spatial evolution of the quality of human settlements in different
periods. The characteristics and their obstacles are of great significance to promote the
harmonious development of the region, shorten the gap of regional development and promote
the construction of human settlements. The quality index system of human settlements is
constructed from five aspects of economy, society, support, ecology and culture. TOPSIS
based on entropy method is used to analyze the quality of regional human settlements in China
from 2000 to 2019. Mann-Kendall mutation is used to test the abrupt time point of regional
human settlements quality. Local Getis-Ord G* is used to explore the cold and hot spot areas of
regional human settlements quality. Finally, the obstacle model is used to analyze the obstacle
factors in China. The quality of regional human settlements is beneficial to improve the
quality of human settlements in various provinces and cities in China, promote the harmonious
development of regions and shorten the gap of regional development.
First of all, in terms of time change, the quality of regional human settlements showed an
upward trend in 2000—2019, from 0.230 1 in 2000 to 0.290 4 in 2019, an overall increase of
26.18%. Both the eastern region and the whole country had the highest values in 2012, while the central and western regions had the highest values in 2016. On the whole, the coefficient of variation decreased from 0.694 1 to 0.446 6, the
regional difference narrowed 35.66%, the difference of human settlements quality decreased gradually in both the east, the middle, the west and
the whole country.
Secondly, in the aspect of mutation detection, the quality change of regional human settlements in China from 2000 to 2019 is divided into
two stages, 2000 to 2009 and 2009 to 2019, respectively. 2000, 2009 and 2019 can be used as the research time nodes. The Z value of Mann-
Kendall test is 5.4035. through 99% significance test, it shows that the quality of regional human settlements in China from 2000 to 2019 shows
an upward trend as a whole.
Thirdly, in terms of spatial change, the regional differentiation of regional human settlements quality from 2000 to 2019 is obvious, in which
the number of low-level provinces has basically not changed obviously, the lower-level provinces are mainly in the western region, the number
of medium-level provinces has increased, the higher-level provinces are mainly distributed in the eastern and central regions of China, and the
changes of high-level provinces are small, mainly manifested in the “ladder” spatial distribution structure. The concrete performance is the
decreasing trend from east to west. The hot spot area of human settlements environment quality changes obviously, the cold point area and the
sub-cold point area are distributed in the western part of China, and the sub-hot point area is distributed in the east and middle regions of China,
and the hot spots are hot spots. The area is distributed in the eastern part of China, which makes the “ladder” spatial distribution structure of the
quality of human settlements in China more obvious.
Finally, in the aspect of obstacle factors, it is of great significance to explore the obstacle factors of regional human settlements quality in China
to improve the quality of human settlements and promote the harmonious development of regions. From 2000 to 2019, the obstacles of economic
environment and cultural environment to the quality of regional human settlements are gradually reduced, the value of supporting environmental
obstacles is rising first and then falling; the obstacles of the social environment and ecological environment are gradually increasing, and the
obstacle factor of regional human settlements quality is gradually changed from cultural factor to social factor. The main force hindering the
quality of regional human settlements is the social environment. Therefore, promote regional human settlements In order to improve the quality of
human settlements, we should first strengthen the construction of social environment, perfect the public infrastructure while paying attention to the
protection of ecological environment, promote the construction of cultural environment and improve the level of economic environment. |
| Key words: Human Settlements Spatial and Temporal Differentiation Barrier Factors China |
