| 摘要: |
| 建筑表皮作为室内外环境交互界
面，是缓解室外环境不利影响、回应使用者
舒适度需求的重要系统，对建筑性能有显著
影响，对其的研究对于落实节能减排战略、
促进生态文明城市建设有重要意义。在节
能指标约束下，既有寒地建筑围护结构碳排
大、造价高，对室外环境的动态波动和室内
使用者需求的响应潜力不足，制约了寒地建
筑绿色性能的提升幅度。随着人工智能技术
的发展和人居环境品质要求的提升，寒地建
筑表皮呈现出智能化演进趋势。本文旨在分
析寒地建筑表皮智能化演进的产业需求和人
工智能语境下的技术推力；梳理建筑表皮智
能化发展脉络，解析建筑表皮智能化演进
过程中的标志性理论成果和工程实践探索；
人工智能语境下的寒地建筑表皮智能化演进*
韩昀松 王加彪 HAN Yunsong, WANG Jiabiao
Intelligent Evolution of the Fa?ade for Buildings in Cold Regions in the Context of Artificial
Intelligence
中图分类号 TU984.3
文献标识码 A
文 章 编 号 2095-6304（2020）02-07-08
作者简介
韩昀松（通讯作者）：哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院，
寒地城乡人居环境科学与技术工业和信
息化部重点实验室,副教授,hanyunsong@
hit.edu.cn
王加彪：哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院，寒地城乡人居
环境科学与技术工业和信息化部重点实
验室, 硕士研究生
* 国家自然科学基金项目（51708149）；中国博士后
科学基金资助项目（2017M621276）
进一步从“动态找形”“高效传动”和“智能控制”三方面阐述寒地建筑表皮智能化演进发展中
关键的科学与技术问题，拓展建筑表皮设计理论与方法体系，从而提升寒地建筑表皮智能化水
平，推动建筑产业信息化转型。 |
| 关键词: 建筑表皮 智能化演进 自适应表皮 寒地建筑 人工智能 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20200202 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51708149）；中国博士后
科学基金资助项目（2017M621276） |
|
| Intelligent Evolution of the Façade for Buildings in Cold Regions in the Context of Artificial Intelligence |
|
HAN Yunsong,WANG Jiabiao
|
| Abstract: |
| As the interactive interface between indoor and outdoor environment, the building
skin is an important system to alleviate the adverse impact of outdoor environment and respond
to the users’ comfort demand, which has a significant impact on the building performance.
The researches on intelligent building skins are of great significance for the implementation
of energy conservation and pollution emissions reduction strategies and the construction of
ecological civilization cities. Under the restriction of energy efficiency design standards, the
carbon emission of the existed building envelope in cold areas is large, the cost is high, the
dynamic fluctuation of outdoor environment and the potential of response to the demand of
indoor users are insufficient, which restricts the improvement range of green performance of
buildings in cold areas.
With the development of artificial intelligence technology and the improvement of the
quality of living environment, the building skin in cold regions presents an intelligent evolution
trend. The paper aims to analyze the internal industrial demand of the intelligent evolution
of building skin in cold regions and the external technical thrust in the context of artificial
intelligence, and concludes the development of the building smart skins and discusses the keypoint scientific and technical questions.
This paper reviews the research on building epidermis intelligence and analyzes the
landmark achievements and engineering practice explorations in the evolution process of
building epidermis intelligence. Further from the dynamic shape finding, efficient transmission
and intelligent control three aspects of the evolution of intelligent development of building
epidermis in the cold regions, it illustrates the science and technology issuse, so as to expand
the theory and method system of building epidermis design, improve the level of building
epidermis intelligence, as well as promote the transformation of building industry information.
This paper is composed of 4 sections.
Firstly, it analyzed the industry requirement for the intelligent evolutionary of building
skins in cold regions and pointed out that the building skin played an active role in energy efficiency and pollution emissions reduction, the construction of healthy and comfortable living environment, and the improvement of green
performance. Meanwhile, the study demonstrated that the application of the artificial intelligence technology, such as natural language processing,
computer vision, biometrics and human-computer interaction in building adaptive skins is a promising way to solve the bottleneck problem in
building design.
Secondly, it reviewed the symbolic achievements and engineering practice exploration during the development of the intelligent evolution
process of building skins intelligence. Since the 1960s, the intelligent evolution of building skin has gone through many stages, and gradually
expanded into a multidisciplinary interdisciplinary research field for the demand of building multi green performance optimization, and evolved
into kinetic architecture, climate adaptive skin and other building intelligent skin design theories and methods, and under the demand of
contemporary construction industry and the thrust of artificial intelligence technology, it presents a diversified development trend.
Further combined with the climate characteristics of cold regions and the main contradiction between buildings and environment in cold
regions, the study analyzed the positive and negative cases of the evolution of intelligent development of building epidermis in the cold regions
of science and technology issues from the dynamic shape finding, efficient transmission and intelligent control, so as to expand the theory and
method system of building epidermis design, improve the level of building epidermis intelligence, and promote the transformation of building
industry information.
The results showed that in the aspect of dynamic shape finding, the building skin in cold regions should have a certain spatial structure to
flexibly respond to the influence of environmental factors such as sunshine and radiation, and the dynamic feature of building smart skin shape
should be fully considered in the design based on the dynamic nature of environmental information. In the aspect of efficient transmission, we
should pay attention to the influence of low temperature environment on the implementability, weatherability and reliability of building skin
transmission structure. In the aspect of intelligent control, the skin of buildings in cold areas should focus on the influence of composite daylight
and thermal impacts to improve the indoor visual and thermal comfort of buildings in cold areas through responding to the sunshine radiation
environment.
In future, the researches on the adaptive skins for building in cold regions could expand the design theory and method system of building
skins, and promote the transformation of building industry informatization. |
| Key words: Building Skin Intelligent Evolution Adaptive Facades Building in Cold Region Artificial Intelligence |
