| 摘要: |
| 寒地建筑采光性能优化设计有助
于改善建筑室内光环境品质。既有寒地建筑
采光设计多存在“对复杂空间考虑不足”“采
光模拟耗时长”等问题。本文旨在立足人工
智能技术语境，提出基于渐进式追踪技术的
寒地建筑采光性能优化设计方法。以寒地城
市某多层复杂建筑空间为例，展开采光性能
优化设计方法实践应用。结果表明：基于渐
进式追踪技术的寒地建筑采光性能优化设
计可动态地分析、反馈复杂建筑空间采光性
能，并能大幅降低采光性能优化设计耗时，
提高了寒地建筑采光性能优化设计精度和效
率，可为寒地建筑采光设计提供技术支撑。 |
| 关键词: 寒地建筑 天然采光 渐进式追踪
技术 优化设计 决策支持 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20200201 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目（51938003）；黑龙
江省杰出青年科学基金资助项目（JC2016008） |
|
| Research on Optimal Design of Building Daylighting Performance in Cold Regions Based on Progressive Tracking Technology |
|
QI Xuanning,SUN Cheng
|
| Abstract: |
| The optimal design of building daylighting performance in cold regions is helpful
to improve the quality of indoor daylight environment. In recent years, scholars have explored
the optimal design of building daylighting performance based on computer simulation and
parametric simulation method. The existing researches are mostly based on simulation tools,
through the daylighting simulation results of a specific viewpoint in the building space, to
carry out the optimal design of daylighting performance. However, there are few researches
on the complex building space and the space with multiple glare sources. In the face of the
increasingly complex space form of buildings in cold regions, the limitations of existing
simulation design methods for daylighting performance, such as insufficient consideration of
complex space and long simulation time, are increasingly prominent. It is difficult for designers
to accurately judge the daylighting conditions of indoor multi-directional complex daylight
sources through a single viewpoint simulation analysis. Although the daylighting analysis tool
based on Radiance has a high calculation accuracy, Monte Carlo random sampling and reverse
ray tracing algorithm take a long time to calculate, which limit the daylighting design efficiency
in the scheme design stage.
Faced with the daylighting performance simulation and optimal design requirements during
the design phase of the building scheme, a method for optimal design of building daylighting
performance in cold regions based on progressive tracking technology was proposed. This method
can not only ensure the accuracy of graphics rendering simulation, but also realize the multi
perspective and multi-directional daylighting simulation of complex building space, and improve
the designer’s ability to analyze the daylight environment performance of complex building space.
In this paper, a multi-storey complex building space in a cold region is taken as an example to
develop the practical application of the optimal design method of daylighting performance.
The optimal design process of building daylighting performance based on progressive
tracking technology includes four steps: information modeling of sky environment in cold regions,
parametric modeling of building information, design of daylighting performance simulation scheme,
feedback of simulation results and optimal design. This study takes a multi-storey building space in
Harbin as an example (45.75°N, 126.64°E). The south side of the building is close to the playground,
and the north side is close to the city main road. The terrain around the building is relatively flat,
and there is no high building shelter. Firstly, based on the sky meteorological data of Harbin, it constructs the information model of sky environment in cold regions. Secondly, it constructs parametric modeling based on the spatial information such
as doors, windows and walls, and the physical properties of material interface. Thirdly, according to the requirements of the actual project, the simulation
scheme of daylighting performance is developed based on the AcceleradRT platform. Finally, it obtains the feedback of simulation results of daylighting
performance, and according to the feedback results, it proposes the methods of optimizing the indoor daylighting design.
In the process of optimal daylighting performance of buildings in cold regions, the designer simulated the indoor daylighting condition of the
office area at 2:00 p.m. on June 21st and obtained the pseudo color pictures of 27 main observation angles. During the camera position and observation
direction moving, the designer can find the influence of multi glare daylight source from multiple perspectives and dimensions, and judge the glare
prone area. The daylighting performance in most areas of the practice cases is good, which meets the needs of indoor illumination. However, the
illumination and the probability of glare is relatively high. Therefore, in the process of daylighting optimal performance design, sunshade facilities
should be added at the window with strong incident daylight. After adding shading facilities, the luminance and the probability of glare near the
window are obviously reduced; however, the overall natural daylighting level of the office space is reduced at the same time. The study also compared
the DGP values obtained from the daylighting simulation. The DGP values are mainly concentrated in the range of 20%~35%, indicating that the
glare risk control is relatively good, but visual discomfort still exists in some areas. The probability of perceiving glare is obviously reduced after
adding external shading facilities.
With the development of the society and the demand of engineering practice, the optimal design method and technology development of
daylighting in cold regions based on progressive tracking technology are promoted, which provides strong support for the daylighting design of
complex space in cold areas. The results show that the optimal design of building daylighting performance in cold regions can dynamically analyze
and feedback the spatial daylighting performance of complex building space, significantly reduce the time-consuming of optimal daylighting
performance, improve the precision and efficiency of optimal design of building daylighting performance in cold regions, and provide technical
support for building daylighting design in cold regions. |
| Key words: Building in Cold Regions Daylighting Progressive Tracking Technology Optimal Design Decision Support |
