| 摘要: |
| 吴良镛先生的人居环境科学理论既
为我国空间规划体系构筑了框架，也提出要有
目的有重点地运用相关学科成果进行融贯的
综合研究。最近《中共中央国务院关于建立国
土空间规划体系并监督实施的若干意见》提出
“在资源环境承载能力和国土空间开发适宜
性评价的基础上，科学有序统筹布局生态、
农业、城镇等功能空间，划定生态保护红线、
永久基本农田、城镇开发边界等空间管控边
界”，对国土空间规划体系提出进行多学科交
融研究。因此，作为国土空间规划重要基础
的国土空间开发适宜性评价需要综合考虑资
源、环境、生态、灾害等要素和区位条件，确
定国土空间内进行农业生产和城镇建设等的
适宜程度。本文主要以青岛市国土空间开发
适宜性评价为实践案例，在客观真实公正地
摸清资源环境资源本底条件基础上，研判国
土空间开发利用问题和风险，明确农业生产、
城镇建设的最大合理规模和适宜空间，落实
不同主体功能区规划背景下的战略引领，以期
支撑青岛市国土空间规划编制工作。 |
| 关键词: 国土空间开发适宜性评价 规划转型 主体功能区 青岛市 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20190505 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（51978388） |
|
| Research on Territorial Spatial Development Suitability Evaluation Under the Background of PlanningTransformation |
|
HAN Qing,YU Li,CHEN Youchuan
|
| Abstract: |
| The theory of Human Settlement of Prof. Liangyong Wu, which proposed to emphasis
integrated and comprehensive research among various discipline, has established a theoretical
framework for Chinese spatial planning system. It is suggested by recent “Some Opinions on
Establishment and Monitoring its Delivery of Territorial Spatial Planning System” that it is
necessary to coordinate scientifically the layout of ecological, agricultural and urban functional
space, to define protection of ecological environment potential areas, permanent basic cultivated
lands and boundary of urbandevelopment areas in line with assessment of natural resources
capacity and territorial availability of development in an order approach. This forms the basic
supporting function of assessments of natural resources capacity and availability of development
in the process of territorial spatial planning process, which is required to have strategic,
scientific, coordinative and authoritative roles. The objectives of which are to improve and
deliver strategy and mechanism of Main Functional Zone Planning, to establish spatial planning
system, and to set up a sound mechanism of uses control and management. In other words, Main
Functional Zone Planning is action as a leading role, while assessment of natural environment
capacity and availability of development being an important fundamental work.
This paper intends to explore two contents as follows: Firstly, how to deliver the leading role
of Main Functional Zone Planning in the territorial spatial planning system? As mentioned earlier,
the objectives of territorial spatial planning are to improve and deliver the strategy and mechanism
of Main Functional Zone Planning. However, different types of Main Functional Zone Plan should
offer various approach to production of territorial spatial planning. For example, the differences
among four types of optimizing development zone, key development zone, restricted development
zone and prohibited development zones may have different planning making concepts and leading
functions. Territorial spatial planning within the optimizing development zones should be in line
with spatial resources limitation; that of key development zones should emphases on both spatial
and natural resources capacity; while territorial spatial planning in the restricted development
zones may have to prioritize protection of environmental natural resources, and finally planning
of the prohibited development zones should strictly control ecological environmental protection. It
is obviously that the contradictions between “uniqueness of space” and “diversity of management”
among urban land uses in different Main Functional Zones; it then illustrates the significance of
assessment of availability of development territorial space according to the leading role of Main
Functional Zone Planning. Qingdao has not prepared its own main functional zone plan, but in
line with National Main Functional Zone Planning, Qingdao has followed the function defined by
Shandong Provencal Main Functional Zone Plan. Secondly, what are the outcomes of assessment of availability of Qingdao territorial spatial development in real practices? The assessment of
availability of Qingdao territorial spatial development includes assessments of importance of ecological protection, agricultural production and
urban development. The assessments objectively and truly identify the regional resources and environment endowment conditions of Qingdao in
line with natural resources capacities. Leading by Main Functional Zone Plan, it is able to provide guidance to the assessment of urban, ecological
and agricultural importance, e.g., importance of ecological environment protection based on prioritizing on ecological resources, availability of
agriculture production based on both space and resources, and availability of urban development based on spatial resources. It is able to explore
the problems and potential risks of territorial spatial development and uses, to identify space of ecosystem service significance and sensitiveness.
Basic supports to planning objectives depending upon varies capacity assessments are then available and sounded. It is able to define maximum
capacities of ecological, agricultural and urban space that offers fundamental data and information for covering rate of forest, quantity of wood land,
permanent basic cultivated land and development intensity. This work may help Qingdao to maximize its comprehensive benefits under the control
and limitation of natural resources within its territory, to provide scientific basis for relevant index decomposition of territorial spatial planning, and
finally to support the production of Qingdao Territorial Spatial Plan.
It is the arguments of the authors that assessment of capacity for territorial spatial planning covers multiple disciplines of human settlement; it is
an integrate systematical approach. It is also a process to exploration and practices of whole area and all-element territorial spatial systematic control.
Assessment of territorial spatial development provides important bases not only for related controls of main function zones, but also for protected
layout of optimizing territorial spatial development. It is expected and argued by the authors that leading by the strategy of various Main Functional
Zone Planning, the assessment of territorial spatial development will benefit in providing technical supports to the production of territorial spatial
plan, and in delivery of ecological civilization. |
| Key words: Territorial Spatial Development Suitability Evaluation Planning Transformation Main Functional Area Qingdao City |
