| 摘要: |
| “健康中国”战略的实施使得大健
康、大卫生理念深入人心。作为运动行为的重
要载体，体育建筑环境质量的优劣将直接影响
使用者的健康和舒适感受。在我国寒冷地区，
风环境对足球场观众的生理、心理健康及热
舒适度感知均具有重要作用，观众区风环境
优化成为专业足球场健康化建设的重要突破
口。本文以提升观众区风环境健康舒适水平为
目的，基于文献调查及实地测试，运用SPSS数
理统计法及CFD数值模拟法，以“人—环境—
设计”为导向，尝试从我国寒地专业足球场观
众区的风环境舒适度建设出发，提出适合中国
国情的足球场观赛环境优化指导策略。 |
| 关键词: 健康中国 专业足球场 风环境 寒地 舒适度 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20190206 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（518782000） |
|
| Research on the Stand Wind Environment of Professional Soccer Stadium Optimized Design in the ColdRegion under the “Healthy China” Context |
|
SHI Ligang,DU Xu,YANG Zhaojing,CUI Yu
|
| Abstract: |
| The implementation of the “Healthy China” strategy has made the concept of great
health popular among the people. Attaching importance to sports work and consolidating the
foundation of sports are important dimensions in the field of “healthy China”. As an important
carrier of sports behavior, sports building environment quality will directly affect users’ health
and comfort. Competitive sports, especially large-scale football games make wide influence,
strong entertainment and high popularity. It cannot be separated from the spectators to promote
the upgrading and expansion of the football sports consumption environment and lay a solid
foundation for the development of the football industry chain, but the semi-outdoor stadium is
also the weakness of the current research on healthy sports environment. How to optimize the
healthy and comfortable environment of professional soccer stadium in the context of “Healthy
China” is an important issue for the connotative development of China’s sports industry.
As people’s physical fitness, psychological quality, cold resistance, self-protection ability,
etc. are uneven, people who participate in or watch the game bear different levels of health risks.
Restricted by the climatic conditions, it is quite common that the matches in the early stage of
CSL season cannot be held in the stadia in cold regions of China due to the cold wind. However,
the spectators are more difficult to adapt to the harsh environment than the sport matches, who
shall bear more health risks in the cold environment. Thus, it can be seen that the stand wind
environment will directly affect the promotion of football games and the implementation of the
“Healthy China” strategy. Guided by “people-environment-design” to optimize the spectator
wind environment has become an important breakthrough in the healthy construction of
professional football stadia.
Taking people’s healthy development as the background, aiming at improving the health
and comfort level of the stand wind environment, in order to explore the relationship between
the subjective feelings of the outdoor wind environment and the test wind conditions in the cold
climate, the author carried out the “comfort of outdoor winter wind environment in Tianjin”
investigation in late October 2018 in Tianjin city, where is more meaningful to be chosen with
low temperature, high wind speed and be able to hold large-scale football games. The test points
were squares, parks and stands in stadium, where were for outdoor recreation or leisure activities,
the LM-8000 anemometer was used for the test to record the outdoor wind and temperature
situation. Finally, 192 valid questionnaires were returned, the effective rate was 93.2%, allthese datas were included in the statistical sample. Using SPSS Mathematical Statistics software, the effective data are processed and analyzed, the
relationship between outdoor wind speed and the average MDSV (Mean Draft Sensation Votes) and the DSV (Draft Sensation Votes ) is obtained.
By referring to the definition of wind comfort and wind speed in China’s “Assessment standard for green building”, Dutch wind environmental
assessment standards and Davenport wind comfort guidelines, the standard of health wind environment evaluation suitable for cold areas in China
has been obtained, filling the gaps in related fields.
Based on the CSL league investigation and the present situation of five professional football fields in China, the author predicted the seating
capacity of the experimental model. The rectangular rounded corner plane and the four-sided connected canopy account for the largest ratio from
the collection cases of 87 domestic and foreign professional football fields are selected as experimental constants. Four common canopies as plane
straight canopy, straight down canopy, straight up canopy and curved up canopy are selected as experimental variables to carry out the simulation
experiments, the ICEM CFD 17.0 software is used as the preprocessor to classify the experimental mesh, the FLUENT 17.0 software is used as the
wind environment simulation, and the TECPLOT 360 EX 2014 R1 software is used as the post processor to carry out the simulations and analysis.
By reference to the evaluation criteria obtained from the investigation, the stand wind environment of the professional football stadium is evaluated
from two aspects of average wind speed and the uniformity of wind field distribution to guide the development direction of the optimal design of the
environmental performance of similar buildings.
Based on simulation experiment and data calculation, aiming at the relationship between human, environment, design and health, this paper puts
forward some guiding strategies for the professional football stadium stand wind environment optimization in cold regions of China, from the sound
construction of human subjective feeling evaluation system, the zoning optimization of stadium wind environment and the performance organization
of architectural form. However, the research between different climatic regions, population health evaluation indexes and wind environment comfort
is very difficult. In the context of the new health concept, this paper attempts to explore a broader ontological research for the construction of healthy
sports environment in China. |
| Key words: Healthy China Professional Soccer Stadium Wind Environment Cold Region Comfort |
