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| 步行出行导向下街区空间优化研究：理论、方法、模式与
启示 |
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席亚斐1, 侯全华2, 雷可馨1, 李欣1, 段亚琼3
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1.长安大学建筑学院，博士研究生;2.长安大学建筑学院，低碳城市空间与交通协同规划陕西省高校工程研究中心，教授;3.（通讯作者）：长安大学建筑学院，低碳城市空间与交通协同规划陕西省高校工程研究中心，副教授，duanyaqiong@chd.edu.cn
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| 摘要: |
| 步行出行导向下街区空间优化对于
提升城市出行效率与人居环境品质具有重要
价值。既有综述研究多侧重于步行出行的理
论框架与发展脉络，对空间优化方法与模式
的总结仍显不足。为此，基于文献研究与逻
辑分析的方法，遵循“理论基础—问题导
向—方法支撑—模式提取—优化实践”的思
路对步行出行导向下街区空间优化体系进行
了回顾与反思。首先，整合相关理论基础，
系统性地阐释了具有累积效应与螺旋上升特
征的街区空间优化逻辑。在此基础上，
从“认识论—解释论—预测论”三个层次综
述了街区空间优化方法体系。其次，归纳了
用地管控、网络联通、功能丰富与环境提质
等四类优化模式及相关应用实践。最后，提
出未来研究应从多学科理论协同、多技术方
法集成及多尺度空间联动三个方面出发，以
期推动步行导向下的城市街区空间优化理论
深化与实践应用的有机统一。 |
| 关键词: 街区空间优化 步行出行 综述 优化方法与模式 启示 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20250914002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金人文社科类项目（300102414601） |
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| Walking-oriented block space optimization: Theories, methods, patterns, and implications |
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XI Yafei,HOU Quanhua,LEI Kexin,LI Xin,DUAN Yaqiong
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| Abstract: |
| The optimization of block?level urban space from a walking?oriented perspective is of
profound and enduring significance for enhancing urban travel efficiency, promoting low?carbon and
sustainable mobility, and improving the overall quality, livability, and resilience of the human
settlement environment. As cities worldwide increasingly embrace the vision of walkable,
human?scale neighborhoods and compact urban forms, a systematic, comprehensive, and operational
understanding of how block spaces can be optimized to facilitate and incentivize pedestrian activity
has become both a theoretical imperative and an urgent practical necessity for planners and
decision?makers. However, existing review studies in this domain have predominantly concentrated
on delineating the evolution of theoretical frameworks and developmental trajectories of walking and
pedestrian research, whereas comparatively insufficient attention has been devoted to the concrete
spatial optimization methods, advanced analytical techniques, and implementable planning models
that can directly inform, guide, and evaluate real?world planning and design practice. To address this
issue, this study employs a combination of systematic literature research and logical analysis to
review, refine, and reflect upon the optimization system of block spaces under the guidance of
walking travel, following an integrated analytical logic of “theoretical foundation-problem orientationmethodological
support-pattern extraction-optimization practice”. First, the paper integrates
multi?dimensional theoretical foundations, including Environmental Behavior Theory, the Hierarchy
of Walking Needs, and the 5D Built Environment Theory (density, diversity, design, destination
accessibility, and distance to transit), in order to systematically deconstruct and articulate the
cumulative effect, feedback mechanisms, and spiral?upward logic of walking?oriented block space
optimization. This conceptual logic emphasizes that optimization is not a one?time, static intervention
but a continuous, iterative process of feedback, learning, adjustment, and refinement. On this basis,
the study establishes a comprehensive and logically coherent methodological system categorized into
three hierarchical levels. “Epistemology” focuses on scientific cognition and knowledge acquisition
through multi?source big data (such as GPS trajectories, mobile signaling data, and street?view
images) to achieve precise, fine?grained measurement of pedestrian behavior patterns and
environmental characteristics. “Interpretation” delves into deep attribution analysis using statistical
models, machine?learning algorithms, and rigorous causal identification methods to reveal and
quantify the mechanisms linking the built environment to walking propensity and behavioral
responses. “Prediction” utilizes multi?scenario simulation tools such as Agent?Based
Modeling (ABM), Virtual Reality (VR), and related digital simulation platforms to pre?evaluate,
compare, and optimize the potential impacts of alternative planning interventions. Furthermore, the
research systematically summarizes and refines four dominant optimization patterns: Land?Use
Regulation, which focuses on structural optimization and functional mixing to enhance land?useefficiency and spatial compactness; Network Connectivity, which aims to optimize the topology and continuity of walking paths to break spatial silos, reduce
fragmentation, and improve overall accessibility; Functional Enrichment, which ensures that the supply of daily services and public facilities aligns with the
concept of the “15?minute community life circle” to meet diverse resident needs in terms of living, working, and leisure; and Environmental Enhancement,
which targets the improvement of micro?scale visual elements, greenery, and street furniture to foster social interaction, walking comfort, perceived safety, and
psychological well?being. These four models are illustrated and validated through international benchmarks such as Barcelona’s Superblocks and New York’s
Complete Streets, as well as localized Chinese innovations exemplified by Shanghai’s community life circles and other emerging neighborhood?scale
experiments. The review identifies and highlights that the prevailing paradigm of walking?oriented optimization is undergoing a profound shift from singular,
project?based physical renovations toward integrated, systemic social?spatial governance and coordinated policy design. Finally, the paper proposes that future
research should focus on three key directions: Multidisciplinary Synergy, to more fully integrate insights from psychology, public health, transportation
engineering, and data science into a shared research agenda; Integrated Technical Methods, to move from simple correlation analysis toward robust causal
inference and dynamic feedback evaluation using digital twin technologies and high?resolution urban models; and Multi?scale Spatial Linkage, to resolve the
scale?dependent biases and mismatches in planning and to ensure that micro?node improvements at the street and block level meaningfully contribute to
macro?network resilience and citywide equity. By fostering an organic unity between theoretical deepening and practical application, this study provides a solid
scientific foundation and a strategic roadmap for creating more walkable, sustainable, inclusive, and human?centric urban block environments in the future. |
| Key words: block space optimization walking-oriented travel review optimization methods and patterns implications |
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