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| 健康社区视角下社区服务中心配置策略研究
——以深圳市光明区为例 |
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张春阳1, 辛天洋2, 朱浩天2
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1.（通讯作者）：华南理工大学建筑学院，教授，2656463777@qq.com;2.华南理工大学建筑学院，硕士研究生
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| 摘要: |
| 后疫情时代，人们的健康观念正发
生着巨大转变。社区作为城市基本单元和居
民日常生活最直接相关的场所，其服务系统
传统的配置原则与人们日益增长的美好生活
需求难以匹配。而社区服务中心同时是社区
服务的重要支撑体系和空间构成要素。因此
本文以健康社区为视角，以WHO提出的生
理健康、心理健康、社会健康和道德健康多
维健康为基础，从个体和环境两个维度出
发，基于多元群体的行为习惯和健康需求及
社区健康环境内涵，提出健康社区理念下的
社区服务中心配置体系，并进一步针对深圳
光明区，因地制宜提出社区服务中心的系统
化配置策略，包括健康导向的多元功能模块
化配置、基于社区类型划分的差异化布局模
式、集约共享的多维度健康空间建设、以及
健康可持续的运营管理等。 |
| 关键词: 健康社区 社区服务中心 多维健
康 绩效评价 配置策略 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240606003 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金国际（地区）合作与交流项目（52561135229）；华南理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费培育项目（XHJH202514） |
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| Research on the allocation strategy of community service center from the perspective ofhealthy community：A case study of Guangming District, Shenzhen |
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ZHANG Chunyang,XIN Tianyang,ZHU Haotian
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| Abstract: |
| In the post-pandemic era, public perceptions of health have undergone significant
transformation. As the basic urban unit and the most immediate spatial setting tied to residents’ daily
lives, communities face increasing challenges in aligning their service systems with the evolving
needs for a better life. Community service centers, critical both as support systems and physical
elements, are indispensable to fostering healthy communities, yet they suffer from uneven spatial
distribution, insufficient resources, mismatch between offered services and residents’ varied needs,
and the absence of a holistic, life-cycle, oriented health services framework. The provision of
community-based “preventive healthcare” services remains underdeveloped.Since 2002, research on
public service facilities from the perspective of healthy communities has gradually increased.
However, most studies still focus on reactive medical care or health issues specific to elderly
populations, while investigations into facility allocation catering to the diverse health needs of all-age
groups remain notably insufficient. Meanwhile, domestic community service provision is increasingly
shifting toward centralized supply models, with concepts such as “neighborhood center” and
“community complex” promoting one-stop, integrated service hubs. Therefore, this paper, from the
perspective of healthy communities, first reviews recent practices in community service facility
allocation across various regions in China, summarizing experiences from the dimensions of spatial
development and functional configuration. Empirical evidence reveals that urban practices across
different cities generally align with the integrated, one-stop service model trend, which can be
categorized into three subtypes: “Comprehensive Service Centers”, “Integrated Community
Complexes”, “Neighborhood Hubs”. While children and seniors remain priority demographics, there
is an emerging paradigm shift toward all-age-inclusive planning approaches. Then, based on the
World Health Organization’s multidimensional health framework—including physical, mental, social,
and moral health—this study proposes configuration principles that span the full process of planning
layout, service functionality, spatial construction, and operational management. These are developed
from both individual and environmental dimensions, and grounded in behavioral patterns, health
needs of diverse groups, and the connotations of healthy community environments. Guangming
District in Shenzhen is selected as a case study to propose localized, systematic allocation strategies
for community service centers based on health performance evaluation. A performance evaluation
framework is constructed from two key aspects: healthy environment development and health service
provision. Evaluation is conducted across four dimensions—planning layout, functional
configuration, spatial development, and operational management—revealing several key findings: (1)
In terms of planning layout, community centers in Guangming District are clustered in the central and
western areas, with notable differences in service supply, accessibility, and spatial clustering across
communities; (2) Functionally, administrative and cultural services are relatively well-established,
while health and elderly care services require enhancement, and further integration of servicefunctions is needed; (3) Spatially, the quality and scale of existing community centers varies considerably across communities, reflecting inconsistencies in both
design standards and investment levels; (4) In terms of operational management, although a minority of neighborhoods have begun organizing regular healthpromotion
activities, many centers lack systematic programming, outreach, and publicity strategies to engage residents effectively. Building upon the
performance evaluation, this study proposes optimization strategies for the allocation of community service centers in Guangming District under the concept of
healthy community. Functionally, the study defines seven core service modules centered on life-course health, establishing a modular framework and
recommending an optimal balance between public-interest and market-oriented services. Second, in terms of planning layout, communities are categorized
based on demographic and economic characteristics, location, and current land use patterns. Accordingly, differentiated spatial development models and service
types are proposed. Leveraging underused spaces through adaptive renovation or new construction is also advocated. Third, regarding spatial construction,
multidimensional strategies are introduced to create health-supportive environments that address both objective physical health and subjective psychological
comfort. Three-dimensional, vertically integrated layouts and shared-use spatial configurations are recommended to maximize land-use efficiency and foster
functional synergy. Finally, in terms of operational management, the paper advocates for a multi-stakeholder model involving government departments, social
organizations, and third-party operators, and proposes diverse community activity strategies aimed at promoting residents’ health.By integrating performance
evaluation with place-specific strategies, this study offers a transferable methodology for optimizing community service center allocation under the healthycommunity
paradigm. The configuration principles and localized recommendations presented here can guide policymakers, planners, and community
stakeholders in creating equitable, resource-efficient, and health-promoting service infrastructures that are responsive to the evolving demands of postpandemic
urban life. |
| Key words: healthy community community service center multidimensional health performance evaluation allocation strategy |
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