| 摘要: |
| 当前，煤炭资源枯竭型城市面临严
重的生态系统结构断裂与功能丧失等复合型
危机。传统的生态修复研究将结构与功能割
裂评价、难以揭示协同退化机理的问题。基
于此，本文以阜新市新邱区为例，构建了功
能诊断与结构重组的耦合决策框架。首先，
引入并修正VORS模型，叠加地质灾害敏感
性等特定指标，利用AHP—熵权法确定权重
并进行生态系统健康评价，诊断垂直生态过
程。其次，结合最小累积阻力（MCR）模型
与电路理论（Circuit Theory），构建包含矿
业干扰因子的修正阻力面，识别生态源地、
廊道、夹点与障碍点，重构水平空间网络。
最后，基于“健康—安全”二维耦合矩阵，
揭示了矿区高阻力障碍点与不健康状态重叠
的空间错位关系。研究将全域精准划分为生
态保育区、生态恢复区、生态修复区及生态
重塑区，并提出基于自然的梯度干预策略，
为煤炭资源枯竭型城市从点状被动治理向全
域网络主动重构提供了科学的空间决策
模式。 |
| 关键词: 资源枯竭型城市 生态修复 生态
系统健康 生态安全格局 阜新市新邱区 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20260129004 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（52378063） |
|
| Study on ecological restoration zoning of coal resource-depleted cities based on thecoupling coordination of ecosystem health and safety patterns: A case study of XinqiuDistrict, Fuxin City |
|
GAO Yang,SHI Tiemao,LIN Yiman
|
| Abstract: |
| Background and objective: Since the Industrial Revolution, resource-based cities have
developed rapidly, but with the gradual depletion of natural resources, these urban areas uniformly
face compounding crises, including severe industrial decline, environmental pollution, widespread
land destruction, and the critical loss of ecosystem service functions. Coal resource-depleted cities, in
particular, suffer from massive mining subsidence areas, groundwater drainage zones, and the
accumulation of coal gangue due to long-term underground mining and surface stripping operations.
These extreme mining interferences severely disrupt the integrity and stability of regional ecosystems,
acting as a major constraint on sustainable urban transformation. Traditional ecological restoration
research often evaluates ecosystem health and ecological security patterns in isolation, which fails to
comprehensively reveal the authentic mechanisms behind the synergistic degradation of ecosystem
structure and function. Furthermore, conventional evaluation methods based primarily on land-use
types struggle to accurately interpret the complex ecological processes dictated by unique negative
ecological sources, such as abandoned lands, subsidence pits, and polluted zones. To address these
scientific gaps, this study takes Xinqiu District in Fuxin City, a typical coal resource-depleted city, as
a case study to explore a targeted spatial response mechanism. The primary objective is to construct
an integrated planning pathway that combines functional diagnosis with structural reconstruction
through a dual-dimensional quantitative coupling of ecosystem health and safety patterns. This
approach aims to shift the ecological governance paradigm in mining areas from passive, point-based
treatment of fragmented patches to active, network-based reconstruction of regional ecological
connectivity. Methodology The research framework is built upon the foundational logic
that “structure dictates function, and function maintains structure”. The methodology is systematically
divided into functional diagnosis, structural reconstruction, and spatial coupling decision-making. For
functional diagnosis (assessing vertical ecological processes), the study introduces and modifies the
VORS (Vigor, Organization, Resilience, Services) model to suit the characteristics of resourcedepleted
cities. The evaluation framework consists of 12 specific indicators, distinctively
incorporating geological disaster sensitivity and topographic position indices to reflect the unique geosensitive
attributes of mining areas, alongside traditional metrics like Net Primary Productivity (NPP)
and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). An AHP-Entropy combined weighting model
was utilized to balance subjective expert knowledge and objective data variation. For structural
reconstruction (assessing horizontal ecological processes), the study integrates the MinimumCumulative Resistance (MCR) model with Circuit Theory. A significant innovation is the construction of a modified ecological resistance surface that
specifically includes mining interference factors, such as the distance to mine pits/gangue hills, soil heavy metal pollution risk indices, and nighttime light data
to represent human activity intensity. This enabled the accurate identification of ecological sources, the simulation of potential corridors, and the precise
localization of ecological “pinch points” and “barrier points” under severe mining disruptions. Finally, a two-dimensional “Health-Security” coupling matrix
was established by spatially superimposing the ecosystem health evaluation results onto the ecological security pattern.Results The comprehensive Ecosystem
Health Index (EHI) of Xinqiu District exhibits significant spatial differentiation. The northern plains and southern mountainous regions demonstrate healthy or
natural states, whereas the central east-west mining axis and urban areas suffer from extreme “disease” or “unhealthy” conditions. The structural analysis
identified 30 ecological sources (accounting for 25.6% of the total area), predominantly located in the southern and northern extremities, leaving a
massive “ecological void” in the central mining zone. While over 30 key ecological corridors were extracted, North-South ecological flows are severely
obstructed by the central mining operations, forcing potential corridors to break or detour. Circuit theory computations further identified nine ecological pinch
points and nine barrier points. The coupling analysis revealed two prominent spatial relationships: a “synergistic matching” in the southern mountains where
ecological sources align perfectly with high-health areas, and a critical “conflict mismatch” in the central zone. Notably, all identified ecological barrier points
precisely overlap with areas exhibiting the poorest ecological health, confirming that extreme functional degradation is the root cause of spatial resistance to
ecological flows. Moreover, vital corridors are forced to traverse these diseased zones, meaning network connectivity cannot be achieved without foundational
environmental remediation.Conclusions Based on the coupling matrix and guided by landscape immunology principles, the entire district was meticulously
divided into four ecological restoration functional zones, each matched with differentiated, gradient-based intervention strategies. The Ecological Conservation
Zone (healthy sources and pinch points) requires strict rigid protection and long-term dynamic monitoring. The Ecological Recovery Zone (sub-healthy areas)
relies on nature-based solutions and auxiliary restoration to promote positive natural succession. The Ecological Restoration Zone focuses on repairing
structural connectivity and alleviating resistance, particularly along urban and aquatic corridors. Most critically, the Ecological Reshaping Zone (where barrier
points overlay diseased mining pits) requires intense external engineering interventions—such as pit backfilling, geological hazard elimination, and soil matrix
improvement—to break the negative lock-in of structural fragmentation and functional loss. This research mathematically proves that geological and structural
damage, rather than mere vegetation loss, drives ecological degradation in such cities, providing a highly operable spatial decision-making paradigm for the
resilient transformation of similar resource-exhausted regions globally. |
| Key words: resource-exhausted cities ecological restoration ecosystem health ecological security pattern Xinqiu District, Fuxin City |
