| 摘要: |
| 大规模旧居住区再生是一个复杂的
系统和综合的过程，通过系统的调研以进行
诊断评估被认为是整合多角度的信息来进行
决策优化的关键。虽然人们越来越理解其必
要性，但在此过程中发挥作用的途径和方法
尚未得到充分的研究。本文聚焦大规模居住
区再生中的前期诊断评估环节，旨在通过国
际视角的考察，比较我国现状，探究前期诊
断评估在旧居住区再生中的影响方式与作用
机制，并提出对我国旧居住区再生的方策与
展望。 |
| 关键词: 旧居住区 再生 可持续 诊断
评估 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240507001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（52178020/52008251）；亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室课题（2025ZA03/2025ZB20）；深圳市高层次人才引进启动项目 |
|
| The methods and impacts of early diagnosis and evaluation in large-scale existing housingrenovation |
|
ZHANG Qiong,FENG Huiying,FAN Yue
|
| Abstract: |
| The renovation of large-scale housing areas is a comprehensive process, in which
systematic research of diagnostic evaluation to integrating information from multiple perspectives is
considered as the key to optimizing decision-making. Although people are increasingly understanding
its necessity, the methods that play a role in this process have not been fully studied. This paper
focuses on the early diagnostic evaluation process in large-scale housing renovation, aiming to
compare the current situation in China from an international perspective, sort out the process, content,
and participation methods of diagnostic evaluation, and explore the impact and mechanism of early
diagnostic evaluation in the renovation of housing areas.By comparison, it can be seen that compared
with Sweden and Japan, the age of large-scale existing housing in China is generally shorter. The
current target of large-scale renovation of existing housing in developed countries is mainly the Mass
Housing built in the 1960s and 1970s, mainly using prefabricated large slab structures, managed by
public or private real estate companies. China’s current renovation of existing housing mainly targets
the multi-story residential areas built in the 1980s and 1990s, mainly using brick structure, the
majority of residential properties are privately owned. Due to the difficulty caused by structural types
and private property rights, it is a challenge for the large-scale housing renovation in China.There are
significant differences in structure, property rights, and other aspects compared to large-scale housing
renovation in developed countries. However, in the process of early diagnosis and evaluation of
housing renovation, there are certain commonalities in terms of participants, participation methods,
survey and evaluation content both domestically and internationally. By comparison, it is found that
some parts worth learning from.It is not difficult to see from domestic and international research and
practical experience that large-scale renovation of existing housing is usually a complex process. In
order to achieve sustainable development of buildings and environment, comprehensive knowledge is
needed to coordinate various perspectives and goals. Detailed basic investigations and diagnostic
evaluations are conducted earlier to ensure the successful of projects. Based on the research and
comparison, this paper proposes strategies and prospects from the following aspects. Firstly, the
information of the housing is well preserved and can be easily found. Conducting a comprehensive
investigation and evaluation of the existing housing area, it is important on the collection and search
of original information. Developed countries have relatively complete systems for the preservation
and retrieval of basic information on existing residential areas. Most urban construction databases,
real estate companies, design units, etc. preserve original data, including design and construction
information, photos of residential areas at the time of completion and different periods, resident type,
family composition, etc., which can be publicly obtained through websites. Secondly, the existing
characteristics should be respected. The biggest feature of renovation projects is the existing
characteristics of the buildings and environment, and objective investigation and research of theexisting situation is the key to the success of renovation projects. The investigation and evaluation of existing housing areas require multi-faceted consultation
and research to develop long-term sustainable renewal methods and development plans. Most of the cases listed in the article were initiated more than 2 years in
advance, and tracking investigations and records were maintained throughout the entire update process to promptly identify and address issues, and adjust plans.
Thirdly, the survey and evaluation methods should conducted by phase and hierarchy. The investigation and evaluation of large-scale existing housing areas is a
complex process, therefore, phased research and evaluation are necessary. Different research contents may involve different participants, for example, in
regional surveys, municipal units such as heating and power supply need to be involved. In the on-site observation and evaluation, architects are the main
participants. During the survey process, residents are the main participants. At the same time, it also involves training for construction personnel. Therefore,
phased investigation and evaluation can effectively ensure the progress of each step and integrate the complex issues of existing housing areas in reasonable.
Fourth, professional diagnosis and multi-party participation. The participation of experts from multiple disciplines in diagnosis and research discussions is an
effective guarantee for the success of investigations and evaluations in the early stage of the renovation of large-scale existing housing areas. The characteristic
of pre-investigation and evaluation in the renovation process is the uncertainty of the problem, which largely relies on the judgment of professionals. In
traditional architectural education in China, there is no involvement in related fields. Therefore, expanding the training scope of the architect profession and
improving professional participation are also effective ways. |
| Key words: existing housing renovation sustainability diagnostic assessment involvement |
