| 摘要: |
| 自动驾驶汽车（AVs）与城市空中
交通（UAM）的快速发展正在推动城市交通
从二维平面走向三维复合，但现有研究多
聚焦单一技术路径，缺乏面向地空协同背
景的系统整合与空间回应。为此，本文提
出“系统整合”分析框架，旨在揭示地空
协同引发的城市空间范式转变及其关键机制。
研究以2020—2025 年相关高质量文献的系统
梳理与归纳分析为基础，并结合探索性实践
案例、规划研究以及政策与行业报告进行综
合对照，按照地面层、空中层和地空协同三
个层级递进展开讨论。研究发现，地空协同
正在驱动城市空间逻辑由“枢纽—辐射”转
向“网格—节点”，时空利用由“静态专属”
转向“动态共享”，治理思维由“技术割裂”
转向“系统整合”，设计范式由“三维几何”
迈向“多维融合”；其落地依赖四类支柱：
三维整合理论与指标体系、跨模式动态运营
机制、以数字孪生与规则体系为核心的“数
字内核”，以及具备可逆性与弹性的物理载
体与空间接口。本文为理解三维分布式城市
交通系统的空间嵌入逻辑提供整合性框架，
并为后续地空协同研究提出理论参考。 |
| 关键词: 自动驾驶汽车 城市低空交通 地
空协同 城市空间设计 分布式城市主义 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20250403001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（52578054）；国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（52102386） |
|
| Basic issues and research trends of urban space in ground-air collaborative urbantransportation of future urban mobility |
|
XU Ran,XIA Haishan
|
| Abstract: |
| Autonomous vehicles (AVs) and urban air mobility (UAM) are widely regarded as major
increments to future urban transportation, and their concurrent development is accelerating a
transition from predominantly two-dimensional, surface-based mobility toward a three-dimensional,
composite transport system. Yet the academic landscape remains fragmented: UAM studies have
largely emphasized vertiport siting, capacity, airspace safety, cost, regulation, weather, and noise,
while offering limited engagement with urban morphology and public-space design; conversely, AV
and shared autonomous vehicle (SAV) research has generated substantial planning and design
implications on parking, curb management, street reallocation, accessibility, and hub restructuring, but
seldom integrates UAM nodes, low-altitude corridors, or operational constraints. As a result, key gaps
persist in infrastructure interfaces, coordinated location planning, spatiotemporal energy and
emissions profiles, embedding mechanisms within existing urban structures, and the broader question
of how ground-air integration may jointly reshape the underlying logic of urban space and publicness.
To respond to these gaps, this paper proposes a “systems integration” analytical framework that treats
ground mobility, aerial mobility, and their coordination as an interdependent urban spatial system
rather than parallel technological trajectories. Methodologically, the study conducts a systematic
review and inductive synthesis of high-quality literature published between 2020 and 2025,
supplemented by exploratory practice cases, planning research, and policy/industry reports to
compensate for the temporal lag and scale limitations of academic publications. The authors retrieved
literatures through keywords including “urban air mobility”, “ground transportation integration”, and
“ground– air cooperation.” After multi-stage screening and eligibility assessment, 18 highly relevant
and highly cited (≥10 citations) studies were selected for close analysis. The discussion is organized
progressively across three layers—ground, air, and ground-air collaboration—to clarify how spatial
mechanisms operate at each layer and how they couple into a three-dimensional distributed system.At
the ground layer, AV-enabled sensing, cooperative decision-making, and precise control are shown to
shift traffic management from coarse, forecast-based allocation toward high-frequency, fine-grained,
real-time scheduling. In this context, curb space, lanes, parking, and logistics facilities become
dynamically managed and convertible resources. Simulation evidence indicates that widespread SAV
adoption can reduce long-term parking demand by roughly 80%-95%, implying significant landrelease
potential and a need to replace static minimum parking requirements with operational rights,
time-based allocation, and conversion mechanisms. Streets are reframed as “programmable public
interfaces” whose functions can switch by time of day and scenario—prioritizing throughput and pickup/
drop-off in peaks while enabling markets, outdoor seating, or slow-mobility dominance in off-peak
periods. This dynamic ground system is identified as a prerequisite for UAM to meaningfully connect
with everyday urban life through standardized, interoperable interfaces. At the aerial layer, UAM |
| Key words: autonomous vehicles low altitude urban air mobility air-ground cooperation urban space design distributed urbanism |
