| 摘要: |
| 资源型城市如何实现转型与
高质量发展是中国亟需解决的重要问
题。城市更新成为推动国内外资源枯
竭型城市转型发展的共同选择。本文
选取德国多特蒙德为研究对象，梳理
城市更新助推城市转型发展的过程和
特征，从多特蒙德城市和凤凰湖旧工
业区棕地更新两个尺度总结转型更新
的路径与策略。认为资源枯竭型城市
转型更新应注重制度、产业、空间和
生态四个维度的动力和相应的治理政
策创新。本文可为推动中国资源枯竭
型城市转型发展和棕地更新提供经验
借鉴和启示。 |
| 关键词: 资源枯竭型城市 多特蒙德
凤凰湖 区域转型 城市更新 旧工
业区 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20241112003 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(42571266)；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目（2021A1515110276、2024A1515011309）；
广州市哲学社会科学规划项目（2020GZYB54）；广州市基础与应用基础研究项目（2024A04J4367） |
|
| The path and governance strategy of transformation and renewal of resource-exhaustedcities: A case study of Dortmund, Germany |
|
LIAO Kaihuai,HU Yang,FU Tianlan,TAN Xiaohong
|
| Abstract: |
| Since the mid-20th century, the rapid development of heavy industries has stimulated the
emergence of many resource-based industrial cities in China. However, these cities have faced some
challenges, such as resource depletion, environmental pollution, a mono-industrial economic structure, and
policy constraints over the past decades. The transformation and renewal of these resource-exhausted cities
have thus become a critical issue for the high-quality development of cities in China. The existing literature
on the transformation of resource-exhausted cities shows that industrial substitution, industrial chain
extension, and the combination of above-mentioned ways have been widely used to facilitate the renewal and
transformation of resource-exhausted cities in developed economies. Meanwhile, Chinese empirical studies
reveal that high-quality development, smart growth, carbon emission reduction, and territorial spatial
development have been considered as the important strategies for the transformation of resource-exhausted
cities. When compared the coal-resource-exhausted cities in China, such as Fuxin, Fushun, Hegang in the
northeast, Zaozhuang in Shandong, Pingxiang in Jiangxi, and Shaoguan in Guangdong with those in
industrialized regions in developed economies, such as Dortmund, Germany, it is found that they have faced
similar challenges such as resource exhaustion, lagging economic development, population contraction,
prominent livelihood and ecological protection concerns, weak capacity to attract investment, and pressure to
reduce carbon emissions. Urban renewal serves as a common choice for promoting the transformation and
development of resource-exhausted cities both at home and abroad. Given the successful renewal and
transformation of Dortmund, a typical resource-exhausted city in Germany, this paper attempts to explore the
process and mechanisms of transformation and renewal of Dortmund and aims to provide suggestions for the
transformation and renewal of resource-exhausted cities in China. This paper shows that the economic
development of Dortmund has undergone five stages, including pre-industrialization period, highly
industrialized stage, period of economic recession triggered by the coal and steel crises, restructuring and
transformation phase, and “new” Dortmund era. The launch of the “Dortmund Project” in 2000 marked a
critical turning point. It successfully reversed the trends of population decrease and rising unemployment, and
facilitated the transformation of the industrial structure from a dominance of primary and secondary
industries towards a tertiary sector led by technology-intensive industries such as information technology, ecommerce,
and microsystems technology.Drawing upon the Industrial Cluster Theory, Creative Class Theory,
Resource-Based Theory, and Sustainable Development Theory, Dortmund facilitated the renewal and
transformation from four dimensions, including industrial transformation, spatial transformation, ecological
transformation, and institutional transformation. Furthermore, through the typical case of Phoenix Lake old
industrial area, this paper shows that it applied four main regeneration strategies to facilitate renewal and
transformation, including: 1) Driving urban renewal through institutional innovation, exemplified by
strengthen public-private partnerships, establishing modern corporate systems, and special fundingmechanisms; 2) Promoting the development of industrial clusters through innovative development pathways, focusing on knowledge-based industries, fostering
an innovation-conducive environment, providing venture capital, and cultivating talent; 3) Enhancing environmental quality through ecological spatial
optimization, involving landscape remodeling, soil and river pollution remediation, and the creation of waterfront spaces; 4) Activating industrial heritage by
implanting creative functions, transforming old structures into new functional spaces such as cultural venues and creative industry parks.Through the analysis
of transformation and development strategies in Dortmund and its typical industrial and mining area, this paper provides suggestions for the renewal and
governance of resource-exhausted cities and their brownfield sites in China, including: 1)multi-scale policy linkages between central and local governments; 2)
coordinated advancement involving multiple departments and institutions; 3)multi-channel financial support; 4)formulating clear and diversified development
goals; 5)providing refined and personalized services for talent and enterprises; 6)implementing sustainable long-term management of renewal projects. It is
hoped that these insights will provide valuable experience and pathway references for their regeneration and revitalization. |
| Key words: resource-exhausted city Phoenix Lake in Dortmund regional transformation urban renewal old industrial area |
