| 摘要: |
| 城市数字孪生平台在近年来取得长
足发展，但也暴露出“重物理精度轻社会认
知”和“重场景应用轻数据体系”的问题，难
以满足精细化城市治理的需求。因此，有必要
界定以城市治理为导向的数字孪生平台应当具
备哪些特征，并构建相应的精细化评估机制，
以实现对于数字孪生城市实践的正确引导。本
研究探索了映射率的方法体系，以数据为核
心，围绕“有没有”“活不活”“连不连”的
问题提出了数据分辨率、数据新鲜度和数据
关联度3 项指标，同时搭建了一套可量化、
易推广的映射率评估模型，分别用于评估具
体城市数字孪生平台项目中数据收集的完善
程度、数据更新的及时程度以及数据网络的
关联程度。进而以上海浦东新区花木街道数
字孪生平台为例，对各项指标开展计算，并
搭建了城市数字孪生平台数据映射率的实时
评估平台。本研究围绕映射率实现了对以往
难以评估的城市数字孪生平台发展质量的深
入到数据层面的精细化解析，有助于推动城
市数字孪生平台更好应对城市治理的复杂需
求，促进“自下而上”的科学化城市治理体
系建构。 |
| 关键词: 数字孪生城市 精细化城市治理 数据评估模型 数字孪生映射率 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240327004 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:同济大学建筑与城市规划学院，硕士 |
|
| Building the digital twin mapping rate towards refined urban governance |
|
ZHANG Yiping,CHEN Xinghan,LI Jianing,YE Yu
|
| Abstract: |
| Digital twin city platforms have made significant progress in recent years. However, the
existing platforms often have problems “focusing on accuracy of the physical model rather than social
cognition” and “focusing on specialized application rather than data system.” The lack of data
construction demonstrates that the current digital twin platforms do not pay enough attention to the
mapping rates in the physical cities and virtual cities, which makes it difficult to meet the actual needs
of refined urban governance. Therefore, it is necessary to define the characteristics of a digital twin
platform oriented to urban governance, further explain and parse specific indications in the mapping
rate methodology, and build a corresponding refined evaluation mechanism to realize the guidelines
for practice. Through this evaluation mechanism, the enhanced attention to the data mapping rate can
solve the current problems of data integrity, data timeliness, data consistency, and data
interconnection in the construction of the digital twin platform. It can effectively enhance the digital
twin city model’s ability to control, strain, and respond to the various needs of the city as a complex
system. This study explores the methodology framework of mapping rate, proposing three mapping
rate indicators: data resolution, data freshness, and data relevance as the fundamental indicators to
evaluate the mapping rate. The three indicators represent the level of data collection, updating, and
interconnection, reflecting the development quality of digital twin platforms, and constitute the
methodology system of mapping rate. In terms of proposing a quantitative assessment method of the
mapping rate, it is necessary to define a data dimensional composition system of the urban digital twin
platform. Thus, this study also comprehensively explores the dimensions of urban data based on the
practice and needs of urban governance. The urban subjects are divided into four categories: spatial
carriers, urban components, social subjects, and urban flows, and aggregated according to three levels:
small, medium, and large. Based on the four data categories and the three mapping rate indicators,
data resolution, data freshness, and data relevance, a quantifiable evaluation model was built to assess
the level of data collection, the data timeliness, and the data network correlation.To evaluate the three
specific indicators, this study establishes three corresponding data evaluation models and introduces
mathematical algorithms such as Hierarchical Analysis Method (AHP for short), Gaussian Function,
Knowledge Graph, and other methods and techniques. Taking the Huamu Sub-district Digital Twin
platform in the Pudong New Area in Shanghai as a test bed, each of the three indicators is calculated,
and a comprehensive mapping rate is assessed manually. The total Digital Resolution score of the
Huamu Sub-district Digital Twin City is 39. 7, the Data Freshness score is 34. 1, and the Data
Relevance score is 13. 9 on a 100-point scale, indicating that the platform is still at the initial level of
mapping rate. A real-time evaluation platform for the mapping rate could be developed for long-term
monitoring and timely feedback. In conclusion, this study achieves a quantitative analysis of the
development quality of digital twin city platforms, which was hard to measure accurately before. The
data assessment model centered on the mapping rate has been constructed, which is not only
applicable to the Huamu Sub-district Digital Twin City but also a universal example in terms of thedata dimensional composition system, the ideal updating cycle of the data, and the data correlation network of multiple co-management, etc. Furthermore,
incorporating various techniques, such as fuzzy matching, ensures that the methodology is as free from project-specific bias as possible. Additionally, the data
assessment model is designed to be real-time and interactive and aids in the subsequent development of a mapping rate evaluation platform equipped with a
self-feedback mechanism. For the context of building a people’s city, this study offers a viable approach to systematic, diverse, and standardized management
in smart city construction. The proposal of mapping rate methodology and the construction of an assessment model will expand the development of a digital
twin city from the simple reproduction and visualization of physical objects in virtual space to the creation of a multi-dimensional digital governance system
centered on data construction. It can help promote the digital twin city platform to respond to the complex needs of urban governance and to facilitate the
construction of a “bottom-up” scientific urban governance framework. |
| Key words: digital twin city refined urban governance data evaluation model digital twin mapping rate |
