| 摘要: |
| 在生态文明建设、“多规合一”及
国土空间规划改革过渡期的背景下，如何通
过村域尺度空间布局优化协调生态保护与乡
村振兴，成为国土空间治理的关键命题。为
了破解当前村域空间利用与生态保护之间的
矛盾，本文以黄河流域生态脆弱区典型村庄
内蒙古磴口县巴音毛道嘎查为研究区，依托
ArcGIS 软件空间分析功能与MCR模型模拟
生产、生活、生态功能适宜性格局，制定科
学合理的国土空间布局优化方案。研究结果
表明：第一，按照MCR模型模拟结果，将
巴音毛道嘎查划分为乡村发展区、农田保护
区、生态农业区、生态控制区和生态保护
区。第二，叠加研究区国土利用现状与其适
宜性分区，将研究区内生态空间中的生产用
地、生活用地，生产空间中的生活用地全部
优化为生态用地或对生态环境有涵养作用的
农业生产用地。相比研究区现状，林地生态
用地优化后增加146.55 hm2，农业生产用地、
农业生产服务用地、村庄建设用地、其他生
态用地优化后分别减少15.03 hm2、0.25 hm2、
1.82 hm2、129.45 hm2。相比国土资源利用格
局的现状，优化后国土空间布局的规整性和
连通性都有明显提高，有效地解决了研究区
用地碎片化、空间布局无序化等问题，研究
结果可为研究区“多规合一”实用性村庄规
划的编制提供参考。 |
| 关键词: MCR 模型 国土空间布局优化 土地适宜性 村庄规划 巴音毛道嘎查 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20231220008 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:内蒙古农业大学本科教育教学改革研究项目（YB2024225034）；内蒙古农业大学高层次/优秀博士引进人才科研启动项目（NDYB2019-23） |
|
| Research on the optimization of village scale land spatial layout based on MCR model |
|
BAO Siqin,MA Yating,YANG Xia,Narigala,HAN Aruhan
|
| Abstract: |
| Against the backdrop of ecological civilization construction, the integration of multiple
regulations, and the transitional period of national land spatial planning reform, how to optimize and
coordinate ecological protection and rural revitalization through village scale spatial layout has
become a key issue in national land spatial governance. This study takes Bayin Maodao Gacha, a
typical village in the ecologically fragile area of the Yellow River Basin in Dengkou, Inner Mongolia,
as the research area. Based on the results of the 2020 land use change survey in Dengkou, ArcGIS
software spatial analysis function and MCR model are used to conduct suitability zoning of the land
and resource utilization functions in the research area. Optimization plans are formulated by
overlaying the current situation of land and resource utilization, and technical support and theoretical
reference are proposed for the preparation of the "multi planning integration" plan in the research
area. Based on the definition of land use functional zones and the current land use status map in the
research area, combined with field investigations to confirm the status of the land parcels, the land
resources in the village area are divided into seven subcategories: forest ecological land, grassland
ecological land, water ecological land, other ecological land, village construction land, agricultural
production land, and agricultural production service land. Based on the MCR difference, referring to
relevant literature on spatial suitability zoning and the current status of land use in the study area, the
study area is divided into five categories: rural development area, farmland protection area, ecological
agriculture area, ecological control area, and ecological protection area. This study adheres to the
principles of “ecological priority, green development”, “people-oriented, respecting public opinion”,
and “conservation and intensification, adapting to local conditions”, and formulates strategies for
optimizing the spatial layout of the country. All types of land in rural development zones remain
unchanged, and village blank land is set up for future development of villages without occupying
arable land; the suitability of land construction in farmland protection areas is second only to that in
rural development areas. This area has multiple suitability between construction and development and
agricultural production, and is a gathering area for residential land and agricultural production land in
villages. According to the principle of prioritizing green development, agricultural production
activities should be carried out as much as possible in the region, while coordinating the relationship
between agricultural production and living land use. Based on the actual situation, there is no need to
adjust the types of land use in the region; the ecological agriculture area is a transitional zone between
ecology and production space, and is a key area for agricultural land consolidation and the
establishment of farmland protective forests. This optimization will adjust all scattered village
construction land in the region to agricultural production land, while keeping other land types
unchanged. Considering that human activities can easily affect landscape ecology, but agricultural
production land has both ecological and production functions, it is advisable to transform agricultural
production modes to minimize ecological and environmental damage; the current land use within the
ecological control zone is mostly various types of ecological land, which serves as a barrier to ensure
the ecological security of the research area. Optimize the adjustment of village construction landwithin the region to agricultural production land, and other ecological land to forest ecological land, while keeping other land types unchanged. In addition,
ecological restoration activities can be carried out in ecologically fragile areas such as sandy and saline alkali land; due to being located within the ecological
protection red line, ecological protection and restoration should be the main focus of the ecological protection zone. Agricultural production and villagers' daily
activities should be prohibited. Therefore, all agricultural production land, agricultural production service land, and village construction land in the area should
be optimized to forest ecological land. After following the optimization strategy for adjustment, the ecological land area of grassland and water remains
unchanged, while the ecological land area of forest land increases, and the areas of other types of land decrease. The current status of forest ecological land is
230.52 hm2, with an optimized area of 377.07 hm2, an increase of 146.55 hm2. The current areas of agricultural production land, agricultural production service
land, village construction land, and other ecological land are 4 190.52 hm2, 431.86 hm2, 125.7 hm2, and 440.34 hm2, respectively. After optimization, they have
decreased by 15.03 hm2, 0.25 hm2, 1.82 hm2, and 129.45 hm2, respectively. There are a total of eight expected and constrained indicators for implementing the
indicator system of the "Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Village Planning Compilation Regulations" and the transmission of higher-level planning in the
research area. The optimization results of the MCR model meet the requirements of various control indicators such as the permanent basic farmland protection
red line, ecological protection red line, and village construction boundary. Compared with the current situation of land and resource utilization pattern, the
regularity and connectivity of the optimized land spatial layout have been significantly improved, effectively solving the problems of fragmented land use and
disorderly spatial layout in the research area. The research results can provide reference for the preparation of practical village planning in the study area that
integrates multiple regulations. |
| Key words: MCR model optimizing the spatial layout of national territory land suitability village planning Bayin Maodao Gacha |
