| 摘要: |
| 在地广人稀、远离都市的低人口密度
地区，城乡基本公共服务均等化进程进展缓
慢。以“均等化”为目标的公共服务布局体
系，在地理空间上难以落实。研究以突破地域
空间发展瓶颈为目标，公共服务需求牵引为导
向，试图利用空间模式，揭示地域空间运行中
的空间现象与空间过程，刻画低人口密度地区
公共服务“流动路径—空间协同—覆盖圈层”
的空间模式。研究建立的“地域格局空间测
度—公共服务空间组织”技术逻辑，其意义
不仅在于技术补充与归纳总结，更重要的是
在低人口密度地区的公共服务建设上，能够
促进公共服务体系的均等性建构与资源优化
配置，为低人口密度地区公共服务设施布局
规划实践与管理提供适宜性方法框架，同时
为公共政策制定提供依据。 |
| 关键词: 公共服务 空间模式 低人口密度
地区 典型草原牧区 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20231203002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（51908297）；国家自然科学基金地区项目（52468012、52068057）；内蒙古自治区科技计划项目（2023YFSW0002）；
内蒙古工业大学重点教学改革项目（2023105）；内蒙古工业大学课程建设项目（RC2022003）；一流学科科研专项学院团队项目（YLXKZX-NGD-004） |
|
| Organizational pattern of public service space in low population density areas |
|
ZHANG Liheng,SONG Xinhao,GUO Lixia,YANG Yujun
|
| Abstract: |
| Low population density which is sparsely populated and far away from the city, the process
of equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas is going slowly. In view of this,
aiming at breaking through the bottleneck of regional spatial development and guided by the traction
of public service demand, this study attempted to reveal the spatial phenomenon and spatial process of
area under the dynamic mechanism, the spatial pattern of “flow path-spatial coordination-covering
circle” of public services was formed. The technical logic of “spatial measurement of geographical
pattern—spatial organization of public services” established in this study is not only of technical
supplement and summary, but more importantly, it can promote the equality of public service systems
in the construction of public services in low-population density areas. It will promote the equalization
construction of public service system and the optimal allocation of resources, and improve the
suitability of facility layout. It provides a suitable method framework for the layout planning practice
and management of public service facilities in areas with low population density, and provides a
practical technical support for the post evaluation and adjustment of planning and construction.
Meanwhile, it provides a basis for the formulation of public policies. By establishing the spatial
theoretical system of “spatial discreteness constraint, spatial synergy promotion and spatial network
support” and combing the public service theoretical system of “fairness and equalization, accessibility
and supply-demand matching, mobility and geographical suitability”, the theoretical basis of the
spatial model of public service in grassland and pastoral areas was improved and the research system
framework and technical logic were supported. By analyzing the systematic logic between the
evolution of regional space, the formation of spatial pattern, the layout characteristics of residential
areas and the demand for public services, the “networked dynamic” demand for public services was
verified, under the influence of the characteristics of spatial pattern of discreteness and complexity,
regional difference and coordination, habitability and mobility. By analyzing the spatial distribution
characteristics of residential areas in typical grassland pastoral areas and the spatial matching needs of
“dynamic coordination” actively adapted by public services, this study provided a basis for
reconstructing the network dynamic circle of grassland pastoral areas and optimizing the public
service spatial organization mode of dynamic facility layout points, flow paths and service circle.By
verifying the role of the dynamic mechanism of the “discrete-collaboration-network” spatial process
on the organization of public service space, the principle of “dynamic supply-collaborative
association-differentiated configuration” for the construction of the public service space pattern was
proposed. Then the spatial organization mode of “scale centralized service circle-dynamic
collaborative service circle-discrete mobile service circle” and the service facilities category of
“centralized, collaborative and dynamic” were clarified. Therefore, a public service space platform in
typical grassland and pastoral areas was established. This study proposed two categories of public
services in grassland and pastoral areas, namely, “multi-dimensional objectives-spatial composition”,
and four sub categories of spatial models, namely, “public service network dynamics based on
network operation-discrete flow of public services based on discrete zoning-dynamic coordination ofpublic services based on ecology-production-life coordination-public service flow circle based on flow spatial characteristics”. In conclusion, aiming at
breaking through the bottleneck, this study established a closed-loop theoretical framework of “spatial dispersion, spatial coordination and spatial network”
from the perspective of spatial pattern, which has theoretical supporting significance for the research of regionalized and typified spatial forms and structures.
Guided by the demand traction, the concept of “spatial network+mobile service” of public service in typical grassland pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia was
derived from the spatial demand of mobile public service and the rotational grazing state of grassland, which is of enlightening significance for expanding the
connotation of equalization of public service in different regions. It has reference value for the research on the spatial distribution of public services in regions
with similar regional spatial structure characteristics (such as Qinghai Province, Xizang Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, etc.). The
technical logic of “spatial measurement of geographical pattern—spatial organization of public services” established in this study is not only of technical
supplement and summary, but more importantly, it can promote the equality of public service systems in the construction of public services in low-population
density areas. It will promote the equalization construction of public service system and the optimal allocation of resources, and improve the suitability of
facility layout. It provides a suitable method framework for the layout planning practice and management of public service facilities in grassland pastoral areas
with low population density, and provides a practical technical support for the post evaluation and adjustment of planning and construction. Meanwhile, it
provides a basis for the formulation of public policies (zoning and rotating animal husbandry, housing projects, construction of new pastoral areas, etc.).
Through the operation of technical logic, it was studied to establish a space platform, put forward construction principles, clarify facility categories and spatial
organization pattern, and finally build a spatial pattern of public services in grassland and pastoral areas. The significance lies not only in practical innovation
and strengthening the urban-rural system in low population density areas, but also in implementing the equalization and accurate supply of basic public
services. It is of great value to improve the regional public service system. |
| Key words: public services spatial pattern low population density areas typical grassland pastoral areas |
