| 摘要: |
| 寒地城市过渡季节的气候条件对居
民出行具有显著影响，营造适宜微气候促进
居民室外环境暴露成为街区环境优化的重要
目标。本文借助增强回归树模型，验证了过
渡季节街区蓝绿空间与热环境的最佳研究尺
度，并以此模型分析了二者的非线性关系。
研究发现：在沈阳的过渡季节，1 km2 的街
区是探究蓝绿空间对热环境影响的最佳尺
度；在此尺度下，蓝绿空间各项指标对热环
境影响最为显著，且不同蓝绿空间指标对于
街区热环境综合指数的相对贡献及边际效应
也存在明显区别。文章通过揭示寒冷地区过
渡季节蓝绿空间对街区热环境的影响，为高
品质寒地街区更新和蓝绿空间规划设计提供
参考。 |
| 关键词: 寒地街区 蓝绿空间 热环境 过
渡季节 气候适应性 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240407002 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:“十四五”国家重点研发计划（2022YFE0208700）；国家自然科学基金项目（52478064） |
|
| The impact of cold block green spaces on thermal environment: A case study of marginalseasons in Shenyang |
|
YUAN Jingcheng,HAN Tengrui,LI Haibin
|
| Abstract: |
| The thermal environment in cold urban areas during transitional seasons significantly
impacts residents’ outdoor activities and overall quality of life. In high-latitude cities like Shenyang,
harsh winters dominate the annual calendar, while transitional seasons are short and characterized by
low temperatures, strong winds, and limited solar radiation. These conditions create suboptimal
microclimatic environments that restrict outdoor activities and reduce the appeal of public spaces.
Improving the thermal environment during these periods is therefore critical for extending residents’
outdoor activity durations, promoting healthier lifestyles, and enhancing urban livability. Creating a
suitable microclimate and promoting residents’ exposure to the outdoor environment has become an
important goal of neighborhood environmental optimization. This study addresses this challenge by
investigating the role of blue-green spaces (BGES) in mitigating thermal discomfort in cold urban
neighborhoods, using Shenyang City as a case study. Blue-green spaces, defined as the integration of
vegetation (green spaces) and water bodies (blue spaces), are essential components of urban
ecosystems. By influencing microclimatic conditions through processes such as evapotranspiration,
shading, and heat absorption, BGES can significantly improve thermal comfort in urban areas.
However, existing research on BGES and thermal environments has predominantly focused on
temperate or tropical regions, with limited attention to cold urban contexts. Furthermore, the complex
interactions between BGES characteristics (e. g., spatial configuration, vegetation types, water body
sizes) and thermal dynamics in cold regions remain underexplored. This study fills this gap by
examining the impacts of BGES on thermal environment during transitional seasons in Shenyang, a
representative cold city in Northeast China.The methodology employed in this study involves several
key steps. Firstly, seasonal differentiation was conducted using historical meteorological data from the
National Meteorological Science Data Center. Transitional seasons were defined as March 25 to April
8 and October 12 to November 6, totaling 40 days. Secondly, spatial scale analysis was performed
across multiple spatial scales (300 m to 1 000 m radii) to determine the optimal scale for investigating
BGES impacts on the thermal environment. This step is crucial because the effectiveness of BGES in
regulating thermal conditions can vary significantly depending on the spatial context. Thirdly, eight
BGES indicators were selected, categorized into capacity, structure, and morphology. These indicators
were chosen based on their relevance to thermal regulation processes and their measurability using
remote sensing. Fourthly, a comprehensive thermal environment evaluation index was developed
using six meteorological parameters: surface temperature, wind speed, humidity, minimum
temperature, average temperature, and cold intensity. The weights of these parameters were
determined using the AHP-E. Finally, BRT modeling was employed to analyze the nonlinear
relationships between BGES indicators and thermal comfort. The results of this study reveal several
important findings. Firstly, a 1 km2 block scale was identified as the optimal spatial unit for studying
the impacts of BGES on the thermal environment in Shenyang during transitional seasons. At this
scale, BGES indicators exhibit the strongest influence on thermal environment. Secondly, among theBGES indicators examined, TSR, GCR, and WAR were found to be the most significant contributors to thermal comfort, with relative contributions of 30.79%,
16.37%, and 15.15%, respectively. Thirdly, marginal effect analysis revealed threshold values for these indicators, providing practical guidance for urban
design. For instance, TSR should be controlled within a 5:1 ratio to balance vegetation competition and airflow, GCR should be maintained between 30% and
48% to avoid land resource waste while ensuring sufficient cooling effects, and WAR should be kept between 5% and 10% to optimize humidity and
temperature regulation. The implications of these findings are multifaceted. For urban planners and designers, the study underscores the importance of
integrating BGES into a connected ecosystem to enhance scale and connectivity, strategically increasing BGES in land-scarce areas, and optimizing the
morphological complexity of BGES to maximize thermal regulation benefits. Furthermore, the identified thresholds provide actionable targets for design
interventions, ensuring that limited resources are allocated effectively. From a research perspective, this study advances the understanding of BGES-thermal
environment relationships in cold regions, offering a robust methodological framework for future studies. The combination of BRT modeling, multi-scale
analysis, and comprehensive thermal evaluation provides a replicable approach for investigating similar issues in other climatic contexts. In conclusion, this
study demonstrates that BGES can play a transformative role in improving thermal comfort in cold urban areas during transitional seasons. By strategically
designing and managing BGES, cities like Shenyang can create more livable, resilient, and climate-adaptive environments that enhance residents’ well-being
and encourage outdoor activities. The insights gained from this research not only contribute to the scientific literature but also offer valuable references for
policymakers, planners, and practitioners working toward sustainable urban development in cold regions. |
| Key words: cold block green-blue space thermal environment marginal seasons climate adaptability |
