| 摘要: |
| 福建泉州作为“海上丝绸之路起
点”受到了建筑学界的广泛关注，其滨海聚
落在地理区位、空间形态、建筑类型上与一
般传统村落存在相似之处而又具有独特的气
候适应特征。文章以闽南地区半岛聚落常年
大风的背景，选择肖厝港半岛型聚落肖厝村
为研究对象，基于CFD数值模拟对比分析的
研究方法，结合调研数据资料分析归纳了肖
厝村在聚落形态、建筑形制等方面适应夏季
风环境的一般性规律与经验措施，以期为闽
南地区半岛聚落保护和发展提供依据。 |
| 关键词: 闽南地区 半岛聚落 风环境 数
值模拟 肖厝村 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20231118001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家社科基金重大项目（24&ZD220） |
|
| Study on the summer wind protection characteristics of traditional settlements inXiaocuogang Peninsula in southern Fujian: A case study of Xiaocuo Village，Quanzhou |
|
WANG Liangliang,HUANG Wencan,YUAN Weiwei,HAN Jie
|
| Abstract: |
| China’s long coastline and rich marine resources have given rise to a marine civilization that
is an important part of Chinese civilization. Numerous coastal settlements have flourished along the
coastline, and the ocean has brought rich resources, crises, and challenges. Quanzhou, Fujian Province,
as the starting point of the Maritime Silk Road, has received extensive attention from the architectural
community, and its coastal settlements have similarities with traditional villages in terms of geographic
location, spatial form, and architectural types, but also have unique climate adaptation characteristics.
In the face of the harsh wind environment, many coastal traditional settlements and traditional
buildings have been preserved to date, which shows that the coastal traditional settlements contain
valuable wind-resistant construction experience and wisdom and have a high scientific value.
However, many historic coastal settlements have been demolished and destroyed recently due to the
building of modern ports and chemical parks, and it is urgently necessary to investigate and preserve
these communities' climate adaptation wisdom. Current domestic and international research shows a
lack of focus on the wind environment of traditional coastal settlements and buildings. Furthermore,
there is a scarcity of published studies applying quantitative analysis principles to examine wind
protection and construction strategies. This paper employs field research methods, CFD numerical
simulations, and comparative analyses, alongside on-site data measurements, to evaluate and compare
wind loads in settlement spaces. It quantitatively analyzes the effectiveness of windproof construction
at both the settlement and building levels, focusing on settlement morphology and architectural form.
The article chooses XiaoCuo Village, a peninsula-type settlement in XiaoCuo Harbor, one of the
natural harbors in Southern Fujian, as the research object, and based on CFD numerical simulation,
combined with the research data, analyzes and summarizes the general rules and empirical measures of
XiaoCuo Village to adapt to the summer wind environment in terms of the settlement morphology and
architectural form. It is found that the peninsula settlement in the southern Fujian region lives by the
sea, overcomes the challenges brought by the sea during the long process of village camping, discovers
and summarizes the windproof layout of the settlement and windproof characteristics of the buildings,
and constantly adjusts and optimizes the building types in combination with the wind environment in
different regions, to concentrate a whole set of wisdom of camping construction. In terms of the overall
layout of the settlement, the village buildings have a backdrop of the mountains and face the sea,
conforming to the topography of the land, and the overall spatial layout helps to slow down the
separation of air currents and reduce the impact of strong winds. At the level of building types, the
positive pressure extremum and distribution range of positive pressure on the windward side of the fivehouses with double-side added small house, and the five rooms with two yards are smaller, so they are mostly distributed on the coastal side of the village. While
the least wind-resistant five houses with a second level are the least used in settlements. In terms of the spatial form of the building, the ratio of the first yard and
the first yard to the second yard is smaller than the average value of other inland areas of traditional dwelling houses in southern Fujian, reducing the value of the
roof wind load, and the entrance with a recessed space helps to avoid the shunt of the incoming flow in the corners and cause damage to the building. In the
context of rural revitalization and development, the protection and development of traditional villages should first have a relatively clear knowledge of the
traditional construction wisdom contained in local settlements, refine the systematic protection ideas on the wisdom of the former construction, put forward
optimization strategies for the settlement form and single building, macroscopically respect the original spatial pattern of the settlement and the location and
distribution of buildings, and regulate the location of the building group to form a hierarchical distribution, control the building height and density, and use the
modern building height and density, to avoid the damage to the building caused by the diversion at the corner of the incoming flow. Control the building’s height
and density and optimize the windproof performance of the colony by using modern technical analysis. Microscopically, respect the local traditional architectural
forms, optimize the use of materials and structural practices in locations with high wind pressure, and give due consideration to the adjustment of practice forms.
Based on this, this study summarizes the general rules and experience measures for adapting to the summer wind environment and puts forward the modern
optimization means to comply with the wisdom law, to provide a reference value and significance for the protection and sustainable development of the peninsula
settlements in the southern Fujian area. |
| Key words: southern Fujian coastal settlements wind-adaptation numerical simulation Xiaocuo Village |
