| 摘要: |
| 一种建筑的思想，或相应的设计手
法，不会简单的隐没，其间有价值的部分会
以不同的方式留存下来。为了提炼“新粗野
主义”的价值，首先，本文对1950—1960 年
间“新粗野主义”的概念和思想重新梳理整
合，以得到具体的概念特征；其次，本文对
1960 以后，“新粗野主义”经济适宜、形态
易辨、材料诚实、设施外露等特征在不同地
区的发展与持续影响进行研究，挖掘其对建
筑电讯派、高技派、批判地域主义、建构研
究、新陈代谢派、街道空间研究等领域的影
响；再次，本文对“新粗野主义”建筑理论
1960 年以后在英国、美国、日本、巴西等不
同地域的传播、流变、影响进行研究，对其
在现代建筑理论中承上启下的作用进行回顾
与梳理。在此基础上，进一步阐释了“新粗
野主义”对中国当代人居建设在地区差异、
城乡差异上的借鉴价值。 |
| 关键词: 新粗野主义 地区 分异 当代
价值 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20241217001 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:陈张敏聪夫人慈善基金项目（IR 91/9906） |
|
| Brutish regionalism:Regional differentiation of New Brutalism and its contemporary value |
|
LU Jiansong,ZENG Yichao,XU Yiling
|
| Abstract: |
| This paper begins from a global perspective, grounded in the dual aspects of architectural
theory and practice. Through historical tracing, regional comparison, and contemporary reflection, it
systematically explains the core theory, regional differentiation, and modern implications of “New
Brutalism”, aiming to provide cross-cultural critical references for contemporary human settlement
construction in China.The article first reconstructs the core concepts and ideological lineage of “New
Brutalism” in the 1950s and 1960s. The emergence of “New Brutalism” was influenced by multiple
factors, including Cubism, Purism, Dadaism, and Art Brut. In the first half of the 20th century, early
modern architects, including Le Corbusier, contributed to the exploration of formal architectural
principles for this type of architecture. In the 1950s and 1960s, post-war generations of architects and
architectural theorists promoted and socialized the value of the theory. After the 1960s, “New
Brutalism” gradually faded, and its architectural features, material characteristics, and theoretical
principles gradually merged with emerging architectural movements and theories, forming broader
and more profound impacts. The paper then divides the discussion into four aspects: economic
appropriateness, distinguishable forms, material authenticity, and exposed facilities, explaining how
each of these characteristics of “New Brutalism” has influenced subsequent architectural practice and
theoretical development. 1) “Economic appropriateness” emerged as a reflection of the economic
difficulties during post-WWII European reconstruction. It provides the ethical support and principle
discovery for the appearance of “New Brutalism”. Thus, typical and pure “New Brutalism” practices
often emerged in the early stages of economic take-off in certain regions. Once economic constraints
were lifted, the theory remained only in its formal elements and merged with other emerging
ideologies in these regions. 2) “Distinguishable forms” include three sub-characteristics: complete
forms, elevated ground floors, and repetitive units. The paper discusses the influence of complete
forms on North American architectural practices in the 1960s-1970s, the implications of elevated
ground floors on urban design, and the interaction between unit repetition, structuralism, and
megastructural urban studies. 3) “Material authenticity” is both a response to economic constraints
and a reflection of construction ethics, sparking sustained thinking on “critical regionalism” and
“constructivist theory”. Meanwhile, the mechanisms of material surface treatments, combined with
research on spatial scale perception, contributed to the development of “street theory”. 4) “Exposed
facilities”, originating from the “Serviced Shed” concept, resonates with the Metabolism movement
and some of Louis Kahn’s theories, reflecting a dialectical reflection on the integration of building
equipment and the building’s core structure. This feature was continued in the development of the
British High-tech movement.The paper then provides a comprehensive analysis of the internal logic
of the aforementioned discussions, presented diagrammatically, and responds to the theme of
“Brutalist Regions”. Finally, the paper returns to the contemporary Chinese context and critically
explores the potential for the local adaptation of New Brutalism. As the economy and industrialization
levels improve, contemporary architectural practices have gradually moved away from rough
construction methods. However, Chinese architects have found that “roughness” still holds value. Thebasic principles advocated by “New Brutalism”, such as economic appropriateness, technical applicability, material authenticity, exposed facilities, and
complete forms—remain relevant in rural construction in China. After these principles are deeply integrated with local materials and rural construction
techniques in the central and western regions, they are expected to provide low-cost, highly recognized solutions to urban-rural differences and regional
imbalances. China’s adoption of New Brutalism must go beyond mere formal imitation, focusing instead on its essence— “ethics over aesthetics”. In rural
revitalization, rough enclosures and exposed structures should not be seen as symbols of technological backwardness but should be transformed into honest
responses to local resources, craftsmanship, and community needs.As the enduring vitality of the “unfinished modernity project”, the value of New Brutalism
lies not only in offering diverse pathways for architectural practice in the era of globalization but also in warning contemporary architects: amid the pressures of
technological worship and consumerism, reclaiming the ethical dimension of “material authenticity” and “social responsibility” may be the key to solving the
homogenization dilemma and reconstructing regional identity. |
| Key words: the New Brutalism region differentiation contemporary value |
