| 摘要: |
| 香港是世界上人口最稠密的地区之一，
为了解决土地稀缺与地面环境严重拥堵等问题，
香港在城市地下空间开发方面积累了丰富的经
验。截至目前，相关研究对香港地下空间开发的
历程、规划体系、法规建设、岩洞利用等方面开
展了较多研究。近年来，香港为进一步提升地下
空间开发的综合效益，开展了《城市地下空间发
展：策略性地区先导研究》；以香港土木工程拓
展署、规划署公示的规划过程文件、国内外典型
研究现状为基础，在分析香港城市地下空间先导
区策略性开发的动因与目标、流程与策略的基础
上，归纳香港城市地下空间开发体系并与内地城
市的地下空间开发特征对比，反思香港城市地下
空间开发的经验和教训，总结香港城市地下空间
先导区策略性开发对内地城市的启示，为内地城
市地下空间精细化开发提供借鉴和参考。 |
| 关键词: 城市地下空间先导区 策略性开发 香
港 精细化开发 以人为本 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240620 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:2024年度江苏省高等学校基础科学（自然科学）研究
项目（24KJB560025）；2024年度扬州大学人文社会科学
研究基金（xjj2024-35）；2023年江苏省产学研合作项目
（BY20231316）；江苏建筑节能与建造技术协同创新中
心重大研究基金计划项目课题（SJXTZD21051）；国
家重点研发项目子课题（2018 YFC0704903-03） |
|
| Experience and enlightenment of strategic development of urban underground space pilotarea in Hong Kong |
|
HONG Xiaochun
|
| Abstract: |
| As the urban development focus shifts from incremental expansion to stock optimization,
the development of underground spaces is increasingly recognized as one of the methods to enhance
the quality of urban spatial environments and improve urban spatial efficiency. In the context of
contemporary urban development, considering the feasibility of underground space development
at the initial planning stages contributes to the overall benefits of urban development. Numerous
scholars have directed their attention towards using underground space development in old city
areas to alleviate urban problems arising from high building density and limited spatial capacity.
These studies provide ample evidence for the necessity and feasibility of incorporating urban
underground space into urban planning criteria as a means to address urban challenges. High-density
cities, exemplified by Hong Kong, face a range of issues, including outdated road networks, poor
transportation conditions, environmental degradation, deteriorating facilities, and low quality of life.
Therefore, the utilization of urban underground space emerges as the optimal choice for achieving
urban revitalization, intelligence, resilience, and sustainable development. Hong Kong, one of the
most densely populated regions in the world, has accumulated a wealth of experience in addressing
land scarcity and severe surface congestion through urban underground space development. To
date, extensive research has been conducted on various aspects of Hong Kong's underground space
development, including its historical development, planning framework, regulatory construction,
and cave utilization. In recent years, Hong Kong has undertaken the “Urban Underground Space
Development: Strategic Regional Pilot Study” to enhance the comprehensive benefits of underground
space development. This project aims to analyze the feasibility and concept design of underground
space development in four high-density areas: Tsim Sha Tsui West, Causeway Bay and Happy
Valley, and Admiralty/Wan Chai. It explores the limitations and opportunities of developing
underground space in high-density areas, engages the public to identify the ultimate underground
space development pilot area, conducts preliminary planning and feasibility analysis for the chosen
pilot area, and advances the project’s implementation. While urban underground spaces have
made significant contributions to urban development for several decades, the relationship between
the utilization of urban underground spaces and new town development, particularly how such
utilization can promote transportation, land use, economic, environmental, and social development
in new towns, is a topic that warrants exploration. The project’s three main objectives are as
follows: First and foremost, the success of urban underground space development in Hong Kong
offers several valuable insights. The establishment of a systematic underground space planning and
implementation mechanism, along with a well-developed underground space ownership system,
serves as the foundational framework for promoting efficient and effective underground space
utilization. The synergistic development of underground spaces with the expansion of rail transit
systems plays a proactive role in guiding urban sustainable development and fostering a convenient
and efficient urban lifestyle. Leveraging advanced engineering development technologies and the
creation of underground municipal infrastructure networks are pivotal in enhancing urban resilience
and fostering environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the experience of urban underground
space development in Hong Kong demonstrates a commitment to diverse and user-centric design
principles, encompassing underground shopping complexes, transportation hubs, parking facilities,and pedestrian tunnels. By developing a variety of underground facilities, Hong Kong effectively expands the functional space within the city while
enhancing its overall sustainability. The emphasis is on integrating underground space development with the needs of the population, striving to provide safe,
convenient, and comfortable subterranean environments. Scientifically identifying development requirements is another hallmark of Hong Kong's approach.
Prior to initiating underground space development, the city conducts comprehensive research to identify the development needs and potential of different
regions, taking into account factors such as geological conditions, urban planning, transportation demands, and population density. These experiences
provide valuable reference points for other cities embarking on underground space development initiatives. Lastly, the strategic development of underground
spaces in Hong Kong primarily focuses on densely built urban areas with complex environments. The development cycle, from planning and design to
construction, spans approximately ten years. This comprehensive approach considers not only the compatibility of development functions and scale but also
vertical connectivity between aboveground and underground spaces and the creation of vibrant underground environments. This ensures the appropriateness
of underground space functionality and the comfort of the spatial environment. Challenges in the short term include potential disruption to existing
surface ecological environments and impacts on residents' daily lives. The timing of development projects is critical. Therefore, strategic underground
space development in designated areas necessitates extensive consultation with local residents, active public engagement, and open communication with
stakeholders. During the planning and design phases, the government organizes public consultations to gather input and feedback. This approach guarantees
that underground space development aligns with the public interest, garners public support and involvement, and establishes a lasting mechanism for
underground space development, public participation, and progressive urban renewal. |
| Key words: urban underground space pilot area strategic development Hong Kong fine development people oriented |
