| 摘要: |
| 高校教室是学生学习和生活的重要场
所，其室内空气质量与学生健康及学习效率密切
相关，而针对代谢污染暴露引起的健康影响量
化研究还有待深化。本文以CO2作为室内空气
质量的表征参数，利用实验舱进行室内环境调
控，通过主观舒适度评价、学习任务测试等方
法，探讨不同工况（CO2浓度分别为600 ppm、
1 000 ppm、1 500 ppm、2 000 ppm、2 500 ppm、
3 000 ppm和4 000 ppm）下人体代谢污染物对
室内人员生理感知指标及各类型学习任务的影
响关系。结果表明：第一，随着室内CO2浓度升
高，受试学生的热舒适度下降22.2%，其中人体
的热感觉和病态建筑综合征（SBS）中各项生理反馈在室内CO2浓度超过1 500 ppm时发生显著变化；第二，CO2浓度升高对校对任务速度的减缓
影响更显著，而对文本阅读的影响主要表现在正确率上；第三，在高浓度工况下（4 000 ppm）受
试学生的综合阅读效率相比低浓度（1 000 ppm）下降14.1%，而低于1 500 ppm时维持更低的CO2
浓度对阅读效率的提高不会有明显收益。实验结果为教室空气质量调控和规范制定提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 高校教室 代谢污染暴露 室内CO2浓度 阅读效率 热舒适 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240509 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（52378020）；华中科技
大学学术前沿青年团队资助项目（2019QYTD10）；
亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室开放基金项
目（2023KA02） |
|
| Experimental study on the influence of human respiratory metabolic exposure on students’reading efficiency |
|
XU Shen,ZHU Yuhang,WANG Minghao
|
| Abstract: |
| College classrooms are the main places for students to study and live, and their indoor
air quality is closely related to students’ health and learning efficiency. Endogenous chemicals
produced in densely populated classrooms are one of the major causes of indoor air quality problems.
Exploring t he effects of human metabolic pollutants on t he health a nd work efficiency is t he basis
for optimizing indoor air quality and formulating relevant standards. As an important indicator for
judging indoor air quality, existing studies have mostly explored the correlation of pure CO2 exposure
on human health, which is quite different from the real indoor environment. At the same time, studies
on indoor air quality problems on work and study efficiency are mostly qualitative. However, based
on multifunctional classrooms in diverse teaching modes in college, the relationship between the
quantitative effects of indoor metabolic pollutants on health and the efficiency of different tasks needs
to be further investigated.
In this paper, different CO2 concentrations (600 ppm, 1 000 ppm, 1 500 ppm, 2 000 ppm, 2 500 ppm,
3 000 ppm, and 4 000 ppm) were used to characterize the concentration of pollutants produced by
human metabolism. Statistical methods were used to analyze changes in subjective comfort ratings,
physiological indicator surveys, and task performance at different CO2 concentration levels through
subjective questionnaires, verification tests, and text reading tests, and thus exploring the relationship
between human metabolism pollutants on physiological perceptions and various types of learning
tasks. The subjective comfort questionnaire consisted of two parts: indoor thermal comfort evaluation
and self-assessment of sick building syndrome (SBS). Thermal comfort was categorized into five rating
levels based on the index of “uncomfortable-very comfortable”, and the thermal sensation vote (TSV)
was designed in according to the seven-level scale of ASHRAE. Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) was
evaluated by a questionnaire based on the five categories of diagnostic criteria adopted by WHO, and
the severity and frequency of SBS were judged by the indicators of “often”, “sometimes”, “rarely”,
“never”, and “never”. The reading test included two parts: NVT experiment (Number Verification
Test ) and reading efficiency experiment. After adapting to different CO2 concentration conditions, the
tester’s task was to review the list and mark the errors encountered, and then to comprehend the text
at a deeper level and answer the corresponding questions. The comprehensive reading efficiency index
was calculated by weighting the test results and the finishing time. Nine students were selected from
the pre-experiment to carry out the formal experiment, which was conducted from October 19, 2022
to October 28, 2022, from 15:00 to 17:00 for a total of seven times. The first 30 mins of the experiment
was the stage of sedentary adaptation and carbon dioxide concentration regulation. The indoor CO2
concentration was monitored in real time by adjusting the fresh air system and the opening of doors
and windows, while physical environment indicators such as light environment, sound environment,temperature and humidity were also monitored. After the indoor CO2 concentration level was stabilized at the preset conditions, the students filled in the
subjective comfort questionnaire for about 20 mins and completed the corresponding reading task for about 40 mins.
This study verifies that human respiratory metabolic pollution is a key element that affects students’ health and learning efficiency. The results showed
that: 1) the thermal comfort of the subject students decreased by 22.2% as the indoor CO2 concentration increased, in which the human thermal sensation
and each physiological feedback in the sick building syndrome (SBS) changed significantly when the indoor CO2 concentration exceeded 1 500 ppm; 2)
the effect of the elevated CO2 concentration on decreasing the speed of the proofreading task was more pronounced , whereas the effect on the reading task
was mainly shown in the correctness; 3) the overall reading efficiency of the subject students decreased by 14.1% at the high concentration (4 000 ppm)
compared to the low concentration (1 000 ppm), while maintaining a lower CO2 concentration below 1 500 ppm did not result in significant gains in reading
efficiency. Therefore, it can be observed that setting up monitoring and early warning devices for CO2 concentration in classrooms and timely adjusting the
working conditions of indoor doors, windows and fresh air fans to maintain CO2 within the appropriate concentration will help to enhance students’ learning
performance. The experimental results provide a reference for different types of college classrooms to address the air quality regulation needs of students’
thermal comfort and different reading tasks. |
| Key words: college classroom metabolic pollution exposure indoor CO2 concentration reading efficiency thermal comfort |
