| 摘要: |
| 我国人口老龄化进入新的加速阶段，
预期寿命不断提高，慢性退行性疾病患病率及
其残疾率有所增长，人类晚年生活质量受到严
重挑战。邻里环境是老年人日常生活中的主要
环境之一，对老年人的健康和福祉有重大影响。
大量既有文献表明，城市规划有能力通过提高
邻里环境的支持性使老年人获得更好的生活质
量。为了更好地实现邻里环境的可持续发展以及
保障老年人晚年的生活质量，探究邻里环境如
何影响老年人的行为及其生活质量是至关重要
的。本文从相关概念、指标测度、研究进程、影
响因素、作用路径、总结与展望六个方面进行分
析评述。最后，从研究对象、研究方法、研究视
角、研究内容四个角度提出未来研究展望，以期
为国内外开展该领域的实证研究及规划实践提
供支持与借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 健康城市 邻里环境 老年人 健康老龄化 生活质量 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240507 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（51978192） |
|
| Research progress on neighborhood environmental impact on the quality of life of the elderly |
|
LENG Hong,ZHANG Xueyao,YUAN Qing
|
| Abstract: |
| The aging of the population in China has entered a new accelerated stage, with
life expectancy continuously extended, and the prevalence and disability rate of chronic
degenerative diseases are also rising. The quality of life in later years has been severely
challenged. Neighborhood environment is one of the main living environments for elderly
people in their daily lives, which has a significant impact on their health and well-being. A
large amount of existing literature indicates that urban planning has the ability to improve the
quality of life of the elderly by strengthening the support of the neighborhood environment. It
is crucial to explore how the neighborhood environment affects the behavior and quality of life
of the elderly in order to achieve sustainable development of the neighborhood environment
and ensure their quality of life in their later years. This article analyzes and comments on
six aspects: related concepts, indicator measurement, research process, inf luencing factors,
action paths, summary, and outlook. Analyze and explain concepts and indicator measurement
methods related to neighborhood environment and quality of life. Analyzing the research
progress at home and abroad, it can be found that relevant studies abroad have earlier focused
on quality of life, expanding the research scope of elderly health from multiple aspects such
as physiology, psychology, and society, and the research content is rich. The comparative
research process is similar both domestically and internationally, but the overall research
process in China lags behind. With the rapid development of China’s economy and society, the
deepening of population aging, and the change of diet structure, chronic diseases have become
an important public health problem threatening the life and health of our people. Although
domestic research has begun to focus on the impact of different scales of building environments
on the subjective well-being and quality of life of elderly people, establishing comprehensive
models, exploring internal relationships, and investigating mediating factors, this is still
limited. It is currently unclear which factors can affect a person’s quality of life, HRQoL, and
the extent of their impact in later life. Although many studies have confirmed the significant
impact of neighborhood environment on the quality of life of elderly people and explored the
complex relationships between these effects, existing research still has some shortcomings
in analyzing the factors that affect related studies. One is the lack of in-depth exploration of
research effectiveness, mainly manifested in the relatively wide scope of existing research
subjects, and subjective questionnaires are also used to measure neighborhood environment
and quality of life, with insufficient accuracy. The second issue is that the impact of different
inf luencing factors on different quality of life and the determinants of high quality of life
have not been fully explored. The causal relationship between neighborhood environment and
qualitxy of life is a challenge for future research. In addition, current research on the impact of
neighborhood environment on HRQoL is limited, with a single research perspective. However,
as the impact of chronic diseases on the elderly deepens, HRQoL will be a focus of future
research. Finally, future research prospects were proposed from four aspects: research objects,
research methods, research perspectives, and research content. Studies have shown that we
should capture neighborhood environmental factors, pay attention to group differences and
vulnerable social classes, focus on longitudinal and comparative research, supplement diverseresearch perspectives and interdisciplinary research, strengthen exploration of impact mechanisms and future practices, and provide support and
reference for empirical research and planning practices in this field at home and abroad. |
| Key words: healthy city neighborhood environment older adults healthy aging quality of life |
