| 摘要: |
| 针对当前社区对防疫与健康的短板弱
项亟需补齐的问题，基于上海市2022年疫情封
控时期的网络问卷调研数据，调研了特殊时期
的居民健康状况、居住满意度、住房选择。归纳
总结了疫情封控时期居住中的心理与行为变化，
分析了影响居民满意度的社区与住宅特征，以及
健康社区在应对突发疫情的空间特征与需求。
通过对疫情封控时期健康社区暴露问题的梳
理，提出将脆弱性与韧性纳入健康社区规划，
在社区更新营造中补全设施、空间与服务短板，
探讨了理想的社区规模，从而为后疫情时代的
健康社区建设与营造提供策略。 |
| 关键词: COVID-19 居住满意度 后疫情时
代 健康社区 住房选择 居住行为 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240506 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51778422）；同济大学
“中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金”E4文科智库
项目（22120200284）；中国国家留学基金资助：国家
建设高水平大学公派研究生项目（202306260263） |
|
| Healthy communities in the post-epidemic era: Residential satisfaction and housing choice |
|
MENG Dancheng,XU Leiqing,HUANG Jianmei,TAN Yuxing
|
| Abstract: |
| The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened awareness of community resilience and the
urban crisis. In the midst of the pandemic lockdown, an analysis of residents’ satisfaction with their
living conditions and housing choices can reveal the vulnerabilities of the current community and
housing. This is a crucial step in enhancing the community’s capacity for epidemic prevention and
health. In the development of communities, it is essential to address the issues revealed by the living
environment during the lockdown, to rectify deficiencies in epidemic prevention and health, and to
deeply contemplate the unique needs that arise during times of crisis under major public events. From
April to May 2022, Shanghai implemented a city-wide lockdown and a “dynamic clearing” strategy.
This forced the majority of residents into home isolation. Their daily activities were confined within
their living environments, leading to shifts in their psychological state and behavior.
In this context, the demands for epidemic prevention and health, revealed by the community
and housing sectors, will become the central focus for enhancements and transformations in the postpandemic
era. Yet, there is a scarcity of research probing into the unique needs and deficiencies of
healthy communities during the lockdown period. Moreover, discussions are lacking on the varying
degrees of risk borne by communities and housing of different types and characteristics. This study,
grounded in an analysis of shifts in residents’ psychology and behavior during the lockdown period,
aspires to pinpoint the current frailties and pressing needs of healthy communities. It does so through
a survey examining residents’ health status, satisfaction with their living conditions, housing choices,
and relocation intentions during this extraordinary period. The findings from this study are intended
to serve as a valuable reference for the future development and optimization of living environments
in a world recovering from the pandemic.
Therefore, this study explores how community and housing characteristics affect health,
residential satisfaction and housing choices, and their urgent needs, in the context of the 2022
lockdown in Shanghai, China. To this end, three research questions are proposed: 1) What
community and housing characteristics affect residents’ residential satisfaction during the special
period of the pandemic lockdown in Shanghai? 2) What are the urgent needs of residents for
community and housing choices in the community? 3) How should the construction and creation of
healthy communities be optimized in the post-pandemic era? During the strict lockdown period in
Shanghai, the study conducted an online survey questionnaire for Shanghai residents to collect data.
The online survey questionnaire was designed by the researchers around the following information:
respondents’ social background, changes in lifestyle during the pandemic, needs and preferences,
housing situation, relocation intention, health status and residential satisfaction.
The study examined the physical, psychological and social health conditions and adaptability of
Shanghai residents during the epidemic lockdown period. It found that they were generally healthy,
and that their health was influenced by factors such as physical exercise, family structure, gender,
and employment status. The study also revealed a significant positive correlation between health
status and housing satisfaction. Furthermore, the study analyzed the urgency of different community
facilities, space and service elements in housing choice, and explored the relationship between the
number of households in different residential areas and the ideal community size. The study also
identified the factors affecting housing replacement.
This study examines the effects of community and residential characteristics on residents’health status, residential satisfaction, and housing choices during the special period of epidemic prevention and control management in Shanghai. It also
suggests strategies for building and creating healthy communities. First, it identifies the vulnerable groups, housing, and community types by analyzing
the variation of health influencing factors in social background, housing, and community. Second, it finds the most urgent shortcomings and weaknesses
in community and housing by analyzing the difference characteristics of residential satisfaction in housing and community characteristics. Based on this,
the study proposes a healthy community planning that incorporates vulnerability and resilience, and indicates the indicators for considering community
vulnerability, such as community lifestyle, family structure, physical exercise, gender age, housing type, community household number, etc. It also
recommends to complete the facilities, space and service shortcomings in community renewal and creation, focusing on comfortable physical facilities
such as community commerce, enhancing physical and mental healing of community public space, improving community emergency governance and
management. It further suggests the recommended scale and household number of complete residential communities in Shanghai. Under the background
of normalized prevention and control, it aims to provide data and theoretical support and planning response strategies for the construction of healthy
community theory system and space optimization work. |
| Key words: COVID-19 residential satisfaction post-pandemic era healthy communities housing choice residential behavior |
