| 摘要: |
| 城市生态公园在重庆城市绿地系统中
扮演重要角色，既提供自然生态功能，也满足市
民休闲娱乐需求。然而，目前其生态和文化效益
未得到充分发挥。本研究采用样方法、访谈法
和观察记录法，对渝北区城市生态公园进行调
研，构建了生态-文化功能耦合评价体系，揭示了
重庆城市生态公园的特征和建设问题。研究发
现，这些公园具有多样的生境类型和良好的绿
色生态本底，但在生境营造、植物多样性、游憩
空间、服务设施、科普宣教和可达性方面存在不
足。针对这些问题，研究提出了优化设计思考，
包括公园边界、植物配置、游憩空间、科普宣教
和可达性改善。这些成果为提升重庆城市生态
公园的品质和规划设计提供了依据和指导。 |
| 关键词: 城市绿地系统 城市生态公园 生态系
统服务 生态-文化耦合评价体系 重庆渝北区 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240423 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（51978093）；重庆市城
市管理局科研项目：城管科字 2023第（31）号 |
|
| Research on ecological-cultural coupling evaluation and optimization strategy of urbanecological parks: A case study of Yubei District, Chongqing |
|
WANG Ruijie,LIU Jun
|
| Abstract: |
| Urban ecological park is a special constituent of Chongqing urban green space system, which
not only has important natural ecological functions, but also has the cultural functions of ordinary
parks for leisure and recreation, which has an important impact on urban ecological environmental
protection and the improvement of citizens’ quality of leisure life. However, from the current situation
of construction, the effect of its ecological and cultural benefits is not ideal. Therefore, with the help
of sample method, interview method, observation and recording method and other research methods,
it conducted an overall research on typical urban ecological parks in Yubei District, constructed a
coupled evaluation system of ecological and cultural functions of urban ecological parks from the
perspective of ecosystem services, and obtained the characteristics of Chongqing’s urban ecological
parks and construction problems through the evaluation of their core functions. On this basis, further
urban eco-park design thinking based on the optimization of ecological-cultural functions is proposed.
The results are as follows. (1) The ecological-cultural function coupling evaluation system of urban
ecological parks: integrating the concept of ecosystem service, combining the function, value, park
scale and research data of urban ecological parks, selecting the index factors that can be evaluated
qualitatively and quantitatively from landscape elements, and initially constructing the ecologicalcultural
coupling evaluation index system of urban ecological parks. In this system, the ecological
function corresponds to regulating service and supporting service, which is reflected in climate
regulation, water purification, urban biodiversity protection (mainly plant diversity), etc.; the cultural
function corresponds to cultural service, which is reflected in recreation, education and scientific
research, and accessibility. (2) Characteristics of Chongqing’s urban ecological parks: the parks are
irregularly shaped and highly complex. Among the researched parks, there are 4 parks with Landscape
Shape Index (LSI) of 1.22-1.50, accounting for 33.33%, 4 parks with LSI of 1.50-2.00, accounting for
33.33%, and 4 parks with LSI of more than 2.00, accounting for 33.33%, which suggests that the shape
of the Chongqing urban eco-parks is highly irregular, and that there is a complex and long interface
with the urban environment. Habitat types are more diverse?映漶父?甶爷戥愠湯?攠捡潬汬漠杰楡捲慫汳?灨慡牶步猠?椠獭?慤?畵獭攠景畲氠?敩硧灨氊潤物慶瑥楲潳湩?潹映?瑦栠敨?煢畩慴污楴琠慴瑹楰癥敳?愠湇摲?煥畮愠湥瑣楯瑬慯瑧楩癣敡?攠癢慡汣畫慧瑲楯潵湮?漠晩?琠桧敯?晤甮渠捔瑨楥漠湴楯湴条?漠晶?畧牥扴慡湴?敯据漠汣潯杶楥捲愠汳?灯慲牥欠獲??呩桮敧?牯敦猠畭汥瑤獩?潭映?瑲栠敨?獧瑨略摲礠?捣慣湯?灮牴潳瘠楦摯敲?愸″爮攳昳攥爠敯湦挠整?扥愠獰楡獲?晳漬爠?普畤琠畴牨敥?灶汥慧湥湴楡湴杩?慮渠摣?摶敥獲椠杩湳?潧晥?略牲扡慬湬?攠捨潩汧潨朮椠挨愳氩?灐慲牯止獬?業湳?浯潦甠湃瑨慯楮湧潱畩獮?挙楳琠極敲獢??愠湥摣?楬浯灧物潣癡敬?瑰桡敲?琠档敯潮牳祴?潵晣?杩牯敮攺渠?獯灯慲挠敡?瑣祥灳敳獩?睩楬瑩桴?献瀠敗捡楬慫汩?慧琠瑡牣楣扥畳瑳敩獢?睬桩潴獹攊?汳愠湰摯?畲猠敩?渠慭瑯畳牴攠?楡獲?牳攬朠楷潩湴慨氠?朵爮攰攰渥?獯灦愠捰敡?楫湳?浲潥畱湵瑩慲楩湮潧甠獲?畳物扤慥湮?杳爠整敯渠?獡灬慫挠敦?獲礠獭瑯敲浥猠?han 15 min. The longterm
development of plant communities is not fully considered. The Pielou evenness index of plant
communities in the parks does not differ much (0.71~0.88), but the Margalef species richness index
(0.83~6.18) and the Shannon-Wienner Shannon-Wienner diversity index (0.59~2.68) fluctuate a lot, and
the complexity of the structure of the plant communities is both high and low. Open space and service
facilities are not perfect. For open space, the lack of children’s recreation and sports and fitness space
is more serious in some parks, accounting for 50.00% of the study parks; for service facilities, all parks
lack safety and security facilities, which seriously affects the score of C11 of the richness of the service
facilities, in addition to the lack of recreational facilities is also more serious (accounting for 58.33%).The awareness of science and education is weak, and the places and facilities of science and education space are seriously insufficient. (4) Optimization design
thinking of Chongqing ecological parks based on the coupled evaluation results: based on the characteristics found in the research and the problems derived
from the evaluation, the optimization design thinking of park boundary design, plant configuration and habitat creation, enrichment of open space and facilities,
stimulation of the activities of different open spaces and forms, enhancement of the science education ability, and optimization of accessibility are targeted.
Taking the perspective of ecosystem services as an entry point, the construction of a coupled ecological-cultural evaluation system |
| Key words: urban green space system urban ecological park ecosystem service ecological-cultural coupling evaluation system Yubei District, Chongqing |
