| 摘要: |
| 从地域气候适应性建构的角度分析冀
东地区的石木结构住宅，并以长城沿线的兰成
沟村为研究对象，借助田野调查、问卷收集、图
解分析等方法，分析冀东地区传统石木结构住
宅的气候适应性建构演变过程，总结该地区住
宅在更新过程中存在的问题。通过对住宅的演
变过程进行解析，提取传统石木结构住宅的被
动性气候适应性建构策略，解析引发其演变的内
在因素，从室内空间变迁、功能匹配组织、空间
路径系统、材料组织建构四个层面对传统石木
结构住宅和新建住宅的气候适应性建构策略进
行分析。结果表明，冀东地区传统石木结构住宅
中具有许多气候适应性建构智慧，但这些气候
适应性应答设计逐渐消失，极大地弱化了住宅
对室内物理环境的调控作用。 |
| 关键词: 兰成沟村 石木结构住宅 气候适应性 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240125 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目（51938002）；北京建筑
大学青年教师科研能力提升计划（X22025）；北京
建筑大学2022年研究生创新项目（PG2022020） |
|
| Study on the evolution process of climate adaptation construction of stone and woodstructure housing in eastern Hebei Province: Taking Lanchenggou Village in TangshanCity as an example |
|
YANG Yanling,GAN Zhenkun
|
| Abstract: |
| This comprehensive study intricately examines traditional stone-wooden houses in Lanchengou
Village, located in the eastern Hebei region, specifically emphasizing construction aspects related to
regional climate adaptability. The primary objective is to delve into the nuanced evolution of climate
adaptability construction within these traditional residences and identify potential challenges emerging
during renovation. Adopting a multifaceted approach, the study incorporates diverse research methods,
including thorough field surveys, meticulous questionnaire collection, and insightful graphic analysis.
The field surveys provide a firsthand and detailed observation of the houses in Lanchengou village,
facilitating a profound understanding of their actual performance in specific regional climate conditions.
Simultaneously, the design and implementation of questionnaires aim to capture the opinions and
perspectives of residents and relevant stakeholders, enriching the study with a comprehensive spectrum
of insights. The study vividly showcases these residences’ structural, layout, and regionally adaptive
features through graphic analysis employing visual representations. Together, these methodologies form a
robust framework aiming to contribute to a deeper understanding of the climate adaptability construction
inherent in traditional stone-wooden houses.
By meticulously reviewing local texts, visual materials, and on-site research outcomes, the
study seeks to unravel the construction wisdom and techniques employed by these traditional houses
when faced with the distinctive climate characteristics of the eastern Hebei region. Simultaneously,
the research identifies and summarizes challenges within traditional construction modes,
encompassing missing patterns, surplus space, and inadequate climatic adaptability. The findings
reveal that traditional stone-wooden houses possess numerous climate adaptability construction
wisdom. Still, these insights gradually diminish during the renovation process, leading to weakened
control over the indoor physical environment. This gradual decline raises concerns about the
potential consequences, particularly the compromised adaptability of these houses to evolving
climatic conditions.
This research distinctly focuses on the stone-wooden houses in Lanchengou Village, employing
a multifaceted approach that includes field surveys, questionnaire collection, and graphic analysis.
The primary objective is to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis between traditional
stone-wooden houses and newly constructed ones, delving into various facets such as indoor space
transitions, functional matching organization, traffic organization systems, and material organization
construction. The study ensures a thorough and firsthand observation of the stone-wooden houses
in Lanchengou Village through meticulous field surveys. The questionnaire collection process
is designed to gather insights from residents and relevant stakeholders, providing a nuanced
understanding of perspectives and opinions related to these dwellings. Additionally, the graphic
analysis utilizes visual representations to vividly showcase the evolutionary trajectory of these
houses, creating diagrams that aim to extract typical models for different types of residences.By scrutinizing the indoor space transitions, the research discerns variations between traditional and newly constructed houses, explicitly focusing
on differences in space utilization and changes in functional matching organization. The comparative analysis of traffic organization systems sheds light
on distinctive features related to resident mobility and social interaction in these two types of residences. Furthermore, the study explores the material
organization construction, concentrating on the building materials used and their performance in terms of climate adaptability. The creation of diagrams
depicting the evolution of houses serves as a pivotal aspect of the research, offering a visual representation of the architectural transformations over time.
These diagrams aim to extract typical models, providing a valuable foundation for understanding the diverse characteristics of residences and facilitating the
widespread application of regional housing climate adaptability construction wisdom.
In addition to highlighting the positive aspects of climate adaptability construction in traditional houses, the research critically evaluates the challenges
within traditional construction modes. Issues such as missing construction patterns, surplus space utilization, and inadequate adaptation to the climate are
identified and summarized. This thorough examination aims to provide a holistic view of the strengths and weaknesses inherent in traditional stone-wooden
houses. The research findings underscore that traditional stone-wooden houses possess a wealth of climate adaptability construction wisdom. However,
an intriguing revelation emerges as the study indicates a gradual decline in preserving and utilizing these insights during renovation. This decline raises
concerns about the potential consequences, particularly the compromised control over the indoor physical environment of these houses.
Furthermore, the research extends beyond merely identifying challenges, offering actionable suggestions for effectively preserving and inheriting
traditional stone-wooden houses’ climate adaptability construction wisdom. These suggestions guide future renovation endeavors, ensuring that the
rich architectural heritage and sustainable construction practices are retained in these traditional houses. In essence, this study not only enriches our
understanding of climate adaptability construction in the context of traditional dwellings but also advocates for a thoughtful and strategic approach to the
renovation process. |
| Key words: Lanchenggou Village stone wood structure farm house climate adaptability |
