| 摘要: |
| 居住区边缘空间是居住区与城市之间
信息传递与物质交换的载体，承担着居住区与
城市异质空间之间资源交换的功能。然而就目
前而言，居住区边缘空间普遍存在着与城市分
离、封闭性过强、空间利用率低、功能形式单
一、缺乏人性关怀等系列问题。该文针对现存
问题，以重庆广益街居住区为例，引入生态学中
的边缘效应理论，建立“柔化—融合—共生”
的策略框架，以期柔化居住区与城市之间的硬
性分隔，提升城市整体空间形象，激活城市空间
活力，为类似的居住区边缘空间规划与设计提
供参考与借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 居住区 边缘空间 边缘效应 柔化 融合 共生 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240119 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目资助（51868027） |
|
| Optimal design of residential district edge space based on edge effect theory: TakingGuangyi Street Residential Area in Chongqing as an example |
|
WANG Dong,ZHOU Tingting
|
| Abstract: |
| With the end of the incremental era and the arrival of the stock era, incremental planning is
gradually transitioning to stock planning. In the context of market-oriented development, the proportion
of residential areas in cities is constantly increasing, and residential areas have become an important
component of urban space. Among them, the edge space of residential areas serves as an important space
for the contact between residential areas and cities, serving as a carrier for information transmission and
material exchange between residential areas and cities. It undertakes the function of resource exchange
between residential areas and heterogeneous spaces in cities, and plays an important role in connecting
cities, dividing spaces, and shaping distinctive urban culture. Its design plays a crucial role in creating a
good overall image of the city, coordinating the binary structural relationship between residential areas
and the city creating friendly and livable cities and promoting benign urbanization play important and
unique roles. The specific meaning of the edge space of residential areas refers to the transitional zone
between different spatial functions within and outside the residential area, which has a certain spatial
range and mutual influence. It is a belt shaped space surrounding the residential area and the city, and the
first spatial interface in contact with the city.
At present, due to factors such as urbanization construction and industrial development in recent
years, many residential areas in China generally suffer from a series of problems such as separation
from cities, strong closure, low space utilization, single functional forms, and lack of human care. As
the quality of people’s daily life continues to improve, the edge space and its environmental status in
residential areas can no longer meet people’s needs for high-quality living. Therefore, optimizing the
edge space of residential areas becomes particularly important. Based on the nature of edge space and
the combination of human subjective factors and activity characteristics, research has found that people’s
needs for the edge of residential areas are mainly reflected in aspects such as safety, direction, transition,
recreation, participation, and efficient guidance. However, in traditional architectural planning and
design, the emphasis on edge space is often insufficient. The design usually regards the building as the
main body and the environment as a secondary factor. In terms of design sequence, the first consideration
is the layout and enclosure of the building, followed by the shaping of the environment. As a result, the
design of the edge space is ignored, which will have a significant negative impact on the external space of
the city and the edge space of residential areas. To solve the problems of edge space, it is necessary to pay
attention to the design of edge space.
In addition, boundary effect theory is an important theory originating from the field of
ecology, which has gradually been introduced into the study of urban space in recent years and
has gradually developed into an important theory for studying urban space. The changes in the
development process of urban space and the changes in social value can change the physical and
social characteristics of edge space. As a transitional area between residential areas and cities, the
edge space of residential areas has typical characteristics of edge space. Applying boundary effect
theory to optimize and study it has strong guidance and applicability. The generation of boundary
effects can also promote the beneficial development of relationships between units in urban space, which has positive significance for the structural optimization of urban space.
Therefore, based on the analysis of the practical problems of the edge space in residential areas, this article introduces the edge effect theory in ecology
as the theoretical basis for research, explores the design optimization of the edge space in residential areas, and takes the Guangyi Street community in
Chongqing as a research case, combining theory with practical cases to analyze the relationship between the form of the edge space in residential areas
and human activity behavior. Taking the integration and symbiosis of urban space and residential area space as the fundamental starting point, this paper
proposes a design strategy of "softening fusion symbiosis" at three levels, attempting to summarize the design methods of residential area edge space, in
order to soften the hard separation between residential areas and cities, enhance the overall spatial image of the city, activate urban spatial vitality, and
provide reference and reference for similar residential area edge space planning and design. |
| Key words: Residential area Edge space Edge effect Flexibility Fusion Symbiosis |
