| 摘要: |
| 城市棚户区改造作为城市更新的重要
组成部分，旨在通过改善居住条件、改变城市面
貌、提升城市功能来推动经济稳定增长，是我国
的一项重要民生工程。2020年末，我国棚户区改
造工作基本告一段落，然而对改造项目产生的
影响效应的探讨尚不充分。本文选择棚户区周
边舒适物变化情况作为研究对象，以北京市为
例，结合POI数据与ArcGIS缓冲区分析，并构建
双重差分模型与特征价格模型，实证研究城市
棚户区改造对周边舒适物多样性的影响及其经
济效应。研究发现：棚户区改造可以显著提高周
边舒适物多样性，舒适物多样性的提高对周边
小区房价有正向溢出效应，棚户区改造不仅能
够提高居民生活质量，还可以激发创新与消费活动，从而提升城市活力，促进城市经济社会发展。本文研究结论为其他城市更新相关政策的制定
和优化了提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 棚户区改造 城市舒适物 双重差分模型 特征价格模型 经济效应 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240106 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（72074240）；教育部人
文社会科学基金项目（19YJCZH154）；“中央高校
基本科研业务费专项资金”和“中央财经大学科研创
新团队支持计划” |
|
| Study on the impact of urban shantytown renovation on surrounding amenities |
|
WANG Hao,ZHANG Xiaoyu,GAO Ran,WU Danchen,SHEN Weixin
|
| Abstract: |
| Against the backdrop of rapid national economic growth, China’s urbanization efforts
have accelerated, leading to an increasing expansion of city sizes. However, the addition of new
construction land is restricted, making land resources a limiting factor for urban development.
Consequently, urban planning in China has gradually transitioned from “incremental planning”
to “stock planning”. Urban shantytown renovation, as an integral part of urban renewal, plays a
crucial role in China’s urban planning and construction. It is not only a strategic project concerning
the nation’s welfare and people’s livelihood but also aims to enhance the overall quality of urban
residential environments. Moreover, it focuses on improving living conditions, transforming urban
landscapes, enhancing urban functions, and promoting stable economic growth and harmonious
social development in cities. As the shantytown renovation work in China came to a basic conclusion
by the end of 2020, its impact on residents’ lives and the urban renewal process has gradually become
apparent. However, research on the economic effects brought about by this project is still in its early
stages. Our understanding of the benefits of urban shantytown renovation is not comprehensive
enough, making it challenging to better guide urban construction. Therefore, it is essential to delve
into the micro-changes during the shantytown renovation process and quantify its impact on the
surrounding environment and economy.
The concept of amenity theory originated in the 1950s, proposed by the American economist
Edward L. Ullman. Urban amenities refer to various traits and facilities in the urban environment
that can make people feel comfortable, pleased, and satisfied both sensorily and emotionally,
enhancing the attractiveness of the city, improving the quality of living, and promoting residents’
satisfaction. In recent years, with the further advancement of urbanization and economic
transformation in China, domestic scholars have begun to introduce the amenity theory into China
to study urban development from the perspective of urban amenities. This paper selects the changes
in amenities around shantytown areas as the research object, taking Beijing as an example, combines
POI data with spatial analysis, and studies the impact of urban shantytown renovation projects on
surrounding amenities based on panel data available from 2013 to 2020. The paper categorizes
amenities into eight types: transportation, health, sports, culture and education, life services, leisure
and entertainment, business, and blue-green amenities. It analyzes POI data through the ArcGIS
buffer tool to understand the diversity changes of surrounding amenities before and after the project
renovation. Then, it empirically analyzes the impact of urban shantytown renovation on the diversity
of surrounding amenities using the Difference in Differences (DID) model with fixed effects. The
DID method, which can effectively overcome the endogeneity of the model, is often used to explore
the impact of a policy by assuming the occurrence and non-occurrence of the policy’s impact, thus
comparing the changes in observed values. The baseline regression is significantly positive at the
5% level and has passed the parallel trend test, robustness test, and placebo test. According to the
baseline regression, the completion of urban shantytown renovation has a significant positive effect
on the diversity of urban amenities within a 1000m buffer zone. Based on the housing transaction data from 2013 to 2020 of the nearest tradable community within the 1000m buffer zone of the shantytown area, the paper uses the hedonic price model to
analyze the impact of the diversity of surrounding amenities on community housing prices. The hedonic price model, which explains the composition of
prices in the market and can analyze the impact of various implicit features on explicit prices, is widely used in policy premium effect analysis. By controlling
for multiple factors such as building features, location characteristics, and neighborhood conditions, the accurate coefficient of the impact of surrounding
amenities diversity on housing prices can be isolated. The linear regression results show that the amenity diversity coefficient is positive and significant at the
1% level, indicating that an increase in the diversity of surrounding amenities can significantly increase the transaction prices of houses in the surrounding
communities.
Therefore, this paper finds that shantytown renovation not only improves the quality of life for residents but also stimulates innovation and consumption
activities, thereby enhancing urban vitality and promoting urban economic and social development. The conclusions of this study provide a scientific basis for the
formulation and optimization of other urban renewal-related policies. Future urban renewal projects should continuously improve the diversity of surrounding
urban amenities in various aspects such as transportation, education, medical care, and leisure, continuously enhance the level of comfort goods supply, enhance
residents’ sense of happiness, attract talent inflow, and promote economic development, thereby achieving the fundamental purpose of benefiting the people’s
livelihood. At the same time, the diversity of surrounding amenities has a significant positive effect on housing prices. Therefore, in the planning of subsequent urban
renewal projects, the government should pay more attention to the types and quantities of amenities around the project during the planning stage, choose the most
appropriate urban renewal method, and achieve a balance between maximizing land value and ensuring people’s livelihood. |
| Key words: Shantytown Renovation Urban Amenities Double-Difference Model Hedonic Price Model Economic Effects |
