| 摘要: |
| 面对中国城镇化中后期的发展需求，中
国人居环境科学亟需建立科学共同体，探寻基
于共性科学问题解决的认知方法和技术解决方
案。景感生态学（landsenses ecology）作为近年
来生态学发展较快的分支之一，以生态学基本
原理为基础，继承了中国传统人居营建优良传
统，对我国人居环境科学的发展具有重要借鉴
意义。首先，明确了景感生态学具有学科融合、
技术支撑与多尺度空间实践引导的基本特征，
将景感生态学的核心思想归纳为人感尺度的生
态特征与以人为本的景感营造。其次，解构了景
感生态学的技术方法，总结了物联网、趋善化模
型、生态信息数据系统等多种技术方法在土地
利用规划、建设与管理中的应用途径。进而，探索了景感生态学对我国人居环境科学的重要启示：生态过程与人类感知的全尺度交互；从分散到
融合的多源数据信息优化；从景观到景感的空间营造思维转变。 |
| 关键词: 景感生态学 人居环境 理论核心 技术体系 景感营造 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230611 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划子课题（2022YFF1301303-03）；教
育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（20YJC7600
79、21YJCZH038）；福建省社会科学基金项目（FJ
2021BF045） |
|
| Advances in Landsenses Ecology and its Enlightenment for Human Settlements Science |
|
LIU Jiang,WEN Junhao,ZHANG Xuewei
|
| Abstract: |
| Facing the development needs of China’s urbanization in the middle and late stages, it is urgent
to establish a scientific community of human settlement science in China, in order to explore the cognitive
methods and technical solutions based on common scientific problems. Landsenses ecology, as one of
the fastest developing branches of ecology in recent years, is based on the basic principles of ecology
and inherits the fine tradition of traditional Chinese human settlement construction, which is of great
significance to the development of human settlements science in China.
Firstly, this study summarizes the basic characteristics and core ideas of landsenses ecology.
It’s believed that the basic characteristics of landsenses ecology are disciplinary integration,
technical support and multi-scale spatial practice guidance. Among them, the theoretical basis of
landsenses ecology are ecology and related spatial planning disciplines, and the inspiration source of
landsenses ecology is traditional Chinese human settlement construction idea. The data foundation
of landsenses ecology is the massive information of ecology and its related dynamic processes,
and human psychological and physical perception, obtained by the Internet of Things monitoring.
The implementation approach of multidisciplinary system reorganization and multi-scale spatial
optimization management is to realize the data processing, analysis and application of landsenses
data through the melioration model. In addition, it summarizes the core idea of landsenses ecology
as ecological characteristics of human perception scale and human-oriented landsenses creation. The
systemic of physical perception and the holism of psychological cognition followed in landsenses
ecology research make human perception information have ecological characteristics and become
the data basis of landsenses creation. Landsenses creation is the main way of landsenses ecology
practice, which aims to endow or integrate one or more of their ecological visions into a carrier
through appropriate forms of manifestation so that they and others can grasp these visions. Its
fundamental purpose is to enable people to generate resonance and form common behavior.
Secondly, this study deconstructs the technical methods of landsenses ecology. It mainly
analyzes various technical methods such as environmental Internet of Things technology,
meliorization model, etc., and summarizes the methods of landsenses creation based on perceptual
information in existing research practice. Environmental Internet of Things technology and
meliorization model are the main technical supports for realizing the concept of landsenses ecology.
Environmental Internet of Things is based on Internet of Things technology, strengthening its
function of collecting environmental natural characteristics and information in the research area,
providing effective guarantee for carrying out landsenses ecology research and realizing the
“dynamic” development of research. The core idea of the meliorization model is the belief that there
exist only better approaches, rather than a best result. It designs the specific form of the melioration
model according to the characteristics of different planning objects, and make timely and necessary
management and regulation of the planning project according to the operation status of the planning
project. Based on the main methods of landsenses creation, there have been many studies on spatial practice at different scales such as region, city, block, etc. Among them, the research at the regional scale focuses on the interaction between ecological
environment and human perception, the research at the city scale focuses on improving urban ecological facilities and enhancing the possibility of residents’
vision, and the research at the block scale focuses on the ecological system service benefits and people’s needs.
Finally, this study puts forward the enlightenments of landsenses ecology human settlement science. First of all, it’s believed that there is a wide
intersection and close relationship between landsenses ecology and human settlement science in data basis and concerned fields. Landsenses ecology can
provide important theoretical and technical references for human settlement science in many aspects.
Further, it clarifies the enlightenment of landsenses ecology to human settlement environment science from three aspects: Firstly,full-scale interaction
between ecological process and human perception. Landsenses ecology is based on the basic principles of ecology, exploring the relationship between natural
elements and human physical perception and psychological cognition. It is a reasonable way to combine ecological process with human perception. Paying
attention to the change of human perception at different scales when landsenses creation can better achieve the supply-demand balance between natural
ecosystem and human socio-economic system, and put the traditional Chinese human settlement construction idea under scientific framework. Secondly,from
scattered to integrated multi-source data information optimization: landsenses ecology can use various technical methods to obtain and integrate multi source and scattered data information involved in human settlement construction process, integrate and optimize these information under landsenses system
framework, apply it to landsenses creation to promote human settlement construction and sustainable development. Thirdly, spatial creation thinking change
from landscape to landsenses: with the fine development of spatial practice and the progress of science and technology, landsenses ecology advocates
changing spatial creation thinking from static to dynamic, and proposes a feasible method path of landsenses creation. It regards all environments as a whole
landsenses system, advocates using Internet of Things and other technical means, allows construct meliorization model to continuously guide landsenses
system internal optimization, and drive external improvement. |
| Key words: Landsenses Ecology Human Settlements Core Theory Technical System Landsense Creation |
