| 摘要: |
| 城市历史景观是一种人地关系长期互
动的结果，是在漫长的城市历史发展进程中不
断层积叠加的产物。城市发展是动态变化的，城
市历史景观必然也会随之发生改变，透过层层
积淀的时空变化把握其关键核心，从而维持并
强化城市自身的特征和风貌特色。通过要素梳
理与分类、特征提取与识别、历史分期与层积分
析等三个方面对城市历史景观进行特征识别与
层积认知分析，并以南京为例进行识别和认知
的实践研究。城市历史景观的特征识别和层积
认知可以帮助平衡和管理城市遗产保护与城市
当代发展的关系，使其在城市的新发展阶段焕
发出新的生命力。因此，最后提出了建构锚固点
网格体系，实现遗产区与新建区的良性互渗；织
补景观空间肌理，强化文化认同与集体记忆；建
立层积演变内生逻辑，注重城市历史景观多元文
化表达等保护与创新利用策略，旨在实现南京城
市历史景观的可持续发展。 |
| 关键词: 城市历史景观 特征识别 层积认知 南京 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230517 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:江苏省社科应用研究精品工程课题（21SYA 042）；江苏高校哲学社会 科学研究一 般项目
（2022SJYB0281） |
|
| Study on the Characteristic Recognition and Layered Cognition of Historic Urban Landscape in Nanjing |
|
YANG Jun
|
| Abstract: |
| Historic urban landscape is the result of long-term interaction between people and land,
and it is the product of continuous layering in the long process of urban historical development.
With the continuous and dynamic evolution and development of city, historic urban landscape will
inevitably change, this requires us to carry out the protection of urban historical heritages in a
broader urban context and geographical environment, and to focus on the integrated development
and sustainable development balance between urban historical heritages and current life. Under the
continuous influence of different stages of urban historical development, historic urban landscape
exhibits environmental complexity and cultural diversity. How to effectively control its “immutable”
core parts and reasonably control and manage its “changeable” contemporary elements has become
an important content of current research in the field of urban heritage protection. How to effectively
control their “immutable” core parts and reasonably control and manage their “changeable”
contemporary elements has become an important topic of current research in the field of urban
heritage protection. Historic urban landscape not only provide a new concept and perspective for
observing and recognizing contemporary urban historical heritage, but also provide a new method
and tool for protecting and managing dynamic and constantly changing urban historical heritage
resources.
The evolution and development of cities is a continuous and dynamic process, in which not only
modern and comfortable living environments and rapidly changing urban landscapes are created, but
also urban heritages are destroyed. The protection of urban heritages is also facing new challenges.
In the new era, city needs new development, which requires the development and utilization of
urban resources, inevitably conflicting with the historical landscape environment. The original
spatial pattern and landscape form of the city have been destroyed, buildings and streets rich in
regional characteristics and historical context have gradually disappeared, and the environment full
of historical information has gradually changed beyond recognition. In the face of various complex
situations brought about by globalization, urbanization, and rapid social development in the new
century, the living environment of urban historical landscapes is very worrying.
Faced with these new situations, it is necessary for us to deeply analyze and study historic
urban landscape. By effectively identifying its landscape characteristics and recording the state and
evolution of complex layers, we can recognize its value and understand its significance. This will
help us grasp the most essential and core features in the dynamic change process of historic urban
landscape through different historical layers, making the overall structure and development context
of historic urban landscape more clearly identified, thereby providing new methods and means for
comprehensively identifying, evaluating, protecting, and managing historic urban landscape in the
context of rapid urban development.
In this context, the article focuses on how to conduct characteristic recognition and layered
cognition of historic urban landscape. Firstly, the author combs and classifies the constituent
elements of historic urban landscape from both external forms and internal values, while paying
attention to the continuous evolution of the same historical landscape elements through time and
space, and conducting research and analysis on the factors that affect change. Secondly, through these sorted and classified urban historical landscape elements, the author further analyzes the natural environmental characteristics, spatial location
characteristics, architectural characteristics, regional characteristics, cultural characteristics, and other aspects contained therein from the material, social,
and cultural levels. Finally, the author conducts an “anatomical” slice analysis of the historic urban landscape using the method of historical staging,
decomposing it into several different layers, and then interprets and analyzes the historical landscape of a single layer. Through various historical sections,
the author understands and grasps the entire process of dynamic changes in the historic urban landscape, establishes the time and space relationships of the
entire process of dynamic changes, and explores the laws and values contained therein.
The characteristic recognition and layered cognition of historic urban landscapes can help balance and manage the relations between urban heritage
protection and contemporary urban development, and enable historical landscapes to glow with new vitality in the new stage of urban development. Using
the concept of “layer” to recognize and grasp the core characteristics of historic urban landscape, both in terms of the breadth and depth of the temporal
dimension and the spatial dimension, it provides potential possibilities for the investigation, classification, and value connotation research of historic urban
landscapes, as well as their integration and utilization as cultural resources. Nanjing is a typical representative of a historical city in China. Based on
the above analytical logic, this article conducts an empirical analysis using the city of Nanjing as an example. Combining the historical staging method,
it analyzes the historical landscape of the city of Nanjing in the context of its main historical cycles of development, sorts out its historical layers and
spatiotemporal evolution in stages, and explores its essential characteristics. Finally, the article puts forward the strategies for the protection and innovative
utilization of historic urban landscape in Nanjing, such as constructing a grid system of anchor points and realizing the benign mutual infiltration between
the heritage area and the new area; weaving the texture of landscape space, and strengthening cultural identity and collective memory; and establishing the
endogenous logic of stratification and evolution, and paying attention to multi-cultural expression, which is to achieve the sustainable development of the
historic urban landscape in Nanjing City. |
| Key words: Historic Urban Landscape Characteristic Recognition Layered Cognition Nanjing City |
