| 摘要: |
| 古诗注重城市风景的意境创作，且赋
予每一处风景独特的意境。筛选出118首含有
描写襄阳古城风景的古诗，利用共现网络、词
频分析等数据分析方法，分析了包括古城、岘
山等群山和汉江为主的古城风景物象的位置关
系，提出了从风景物象、“观象”方式和意象组
成三个层面整体理解古城意境形成。文章提出
了“观象”方式是在诗人驻点和观看视角等行
征方式下的视觉重组，意象组成是诗人对视觉
重组后场景的情感赋予。研究结果对寻求中国
文化和思维模式下的古城可持续规划具有积极
意义，为城市规划“留住乡愁”的时代要求提供
有益借鉴。 |
| 关键词: 唐宋古诗 山水融城 风景意象 城境 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230318 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:襄阳市社科联2023年度“汉江智库”课题项目（HJ
ZKYBKT2023052） |
|
| Poetic City: A Study on the Ancient City’s Jing of Xiangyang Based on Data Analysis |
|
ZHU Yalan
|
| Abstract: |
| Since the 1980s, under the guidance of Western modern urban planning theories, issues
such as the loss of local historical and cultural heritage, the dissipation of characteristic spaces,
and the destruction of ecological environments have become increasingly apparent in the urban
development process of China. With the continuous development of the economy and society, the
main contradictions in society are also changing. In modern times, the landscape Jing (ambience) of
“seeing the mountains, seeing the rivers, and retaining nostalgia” has gradually become an urgent
need for people. In response to this trend, Chinese scholars have begun to gradually revisit the
research on the integration of natural and cultural elements in ancient China’s urban development,
and are searching for suitable solutions for modernising Chinese cities. This is also a proposition of
the times that universal urban planners are facing.
China has been blessed with abundant natural beauty since ancient times, with scenic spots
everywhere. Ancient people held a reverence, awe, and love for the natural scenery, and pursued the
philosophical Jing (ambience) that “man is an integral part of nature”. They created a large number
of cities that were highly integrated with natural and cultural environment, tailored to the local
conditions and with a deep appreciation for the beauty of mountains and rivers. These beautiful
landscapes and the environment created by the planning and construction of these cities have become
an important subject of traditional Chinese poetry, as well as a carrier of our cherished memories of
the beauty of hometown.
China has preserved and excavated a large number of ancient poems, which have been widely
circulated among people of all classes. These ancient poems contain rich and explicit information
about spatial landscapes, and high correspondence between landscape space and aesthetic imagery.
They focus on the refined creation of “blending of human emotions and natural scenery” in cities,
and thus endowing each city with a unique character. Exploring urban imagery through Chinese
ancient poetry can uncover historical spatial characteristics and cultural elements, and help people
understand the specific imagery perception that “man is an integral part of nature”.
Previous studies have recognised the spatial characteristics contained in the text of Chinese ancient
poetry, and have begun to explore and contemplate the grounding of poetic Jing (ambience). However,
the research results are generally characterized by a purely textual and abstract nature, and mostly focus
on the micro-scale urban space categories such as buildings and gardens. Few research investigated the
relationship between urban construction, urban space, and emotional imagery at the meso- and macro scale. Therefore, it is particularly important and urgent to conduct in-depth research on ancient urban
imagery and spatial perception from the perspective of Chinese ancient poetry.
Xiangyang is situated to the south of the Han River and is a historic cultural city with a history
of 2 800 years. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Xiangyang City was a centre for poetry, with
over 300 out of more than 3 000 poems in the “Complete Tang Poems” describing the city. This
indicates that Xiangyang has an extremely important geographic location and unique features as
a fortified city. In this study, 118 Chinese ancient poems were screened, describing the specific
landscape of the ancient city and further analysed the positional relationships between the ancient
city, mountains such as Xianshan, and the landscape of the ancient city dominated by Hanjiang River by using the data analysis methods such as co-word network and word frequency analysis. Besides, this essay proposed an overall understanding of
the formation of the ancient city’s Jing (ambience) from three aspects: the landscape, the way of “viewing” and the composition of imagery. Importantly, this
research revealed that the way of “viewing” was a visual reorganization under the ways of trekking such as the poet’s standing point and viewing angle, while
the composition of imagery was the poets’ emotional empowerment to the landscape after visual reorganisation. The findings have significant implications
for seeking the sustainable planning of ancient cities under the Chinese cultural and thinking model and provided a useful reference for the requirements of
the times that urban planning should “retain nostalgia”. |
| Key words: Poetry of Tang and Song Dynasties Shan-Shui City Landscape Imagery Urban Jing (Ambience) |
