| 摘要: |
| 人居环境高质量发展是新时代中国经
济高质量发展的重要支撑。以长江经济带人居
环境研究为基础，运用综合评价模型、空间自
相关、重心模型和标准差椭圆对该区域2010—
2019年人居环境高质量发展的时空演变特征进
行分析，并借用灰色关联度模型进一步探究其
主要驱动因素。结果显示：人居环境高质量发展
的四大准则层均低于0.150，总体水平偏低，除
经济环境外，其他三大准则层均呈小幅度上升态
势；长江经济带人居环境高质量发展水平呈现
平缓上升态势，各省份之间发展水平差异显著；
人居环境高质量发展的全局莫兰指数均通过
1%的相关性检验，在空间上呈现显著的集聚特
征；环境高质量发展的重心一直集中在湖北境
内，并向西南方向偏移；标准差椭圆主要分布于中下游地区；污水年排放量、年末城镇登记失业率、城镇人口密度、社会消费平零售总额等对长江
经济带人居环境高质量发展的影响较大，且各省份驱动因素存在一定差异。最后根据研究结论提
出人居环境高质量发展对策。 |
| 关键词: 人居环境 高质量发展 时空演变 驱动因素 长江经济带 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230309 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金项目（19CGL030） |
|
| The Temporal and Spatial Evolution and Driving Factors of High-Quality Development of Human Settlements: Based on the Data Analysis of the Yangtze River Economic Belt |
|
CHENG Hui,REN Chunyue
|
| Abstract: |
| Human settlements is an important foundation for China’s economic development,
promoting high-quality development of human settlements is an important pillar of China’s high quality economic development in the new era, and it is also a key and difficult point in promoting
regional green development and accelerating ecological civilization construction. This article is
based on the research on human settlements of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, which is a typical
representative of green development and ecological civilization construction in China. It has a long
east-west route and a wide north-south radiation range, making it a key area for environmental
governance. In recent years, the country has been committed to promoting high-quality economic
and social development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. However, problems such as water
quality decline, environmental pollution, and ecological degradation that arise from high-quality
development are increasing, and traffic congestion caused by the continuous expansion of population
in the region is gradually becoming prominent. Environmental quality is seriously threatened, and
improving the regional human settlements has become the core task of high-quality development
and ecological civilization construction in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. In this context,
exploring the temporal and spatial differences and driving factors of high-quality development of
human settlements in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is beneficial for clarifying the current status
of human settlements development between provinces, accelerating the construction of ecological
civilization, and providing scientific guidance for handling the relationship between ecological
protection and high-quality economic development. Based on this, this article first selects 20
specific indicators from four dimensions of economic environment, social environment, ecological
environment, and residential environment to construct an evaluation system for high-quality
development of human settlements, and a comprehensive evaluation model is used to measure its
development level. Then, spatial autocorrelation, center of gravity model, and standard deviation
ellipse are used to analyze the temporal evolution characteristics of high-quality development of
human settlements in 11 provinces in the region from 2010 to 2019 and analyze the characteristics of
regional differences and spatial evolution. Finally, it uses a grey correlation model to further explore
the main driving factors that generate such environmental differences. The main conclusions are as
follows:
Firstly, the four criteria for high-quality development of human settlements are all below 0.150,
indicating an overall low level. Except for the economic environment, the other three criteria show a
slight upward trend. The level of ecosystem development is the lowest, reaching a maximum of 0.096
in 2019. The level of social system development is the highest, reaching a peak of 0.136 in 2012, but
there is still a significant room for improvement.Secondly, during the research period, the overall level of high-quality development of human settlements in the Yangtze River Economic Belt showed
a gentle upward trend, with significant differences among provinces. Jiangsu Province has the highest average of 0.710, while Guizhou Province has the
lowest average of only 0.186, with a difference of 52.4 percentage points. From the perspective of the three major regions, the changes in the high-quality
development level of human settlements in the middle and upstream regions are relatively small, but tend to rise. The downstream shows a downward trend,
specifically manifested as downstream>Yangtze River Economic Belt>middle reaches>upstream.
Thirdly, the global Moran index for high-quality development of human settlements in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2010 to 2019 passed a
1% correlation test, showing significant spatial clustering characteristics. High clustering areas are mainly concentrated in the downstream provinces of
Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang. During the research period, the center of gravity has been concentrated in Hubei Province, moving towards the southwest
as a whole. The standard deviation ellipse is mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the region and migrates towards the middle and upper
reaches. The potential for high-quality development of human settlements in the middle and upper reaches of the region in the future is enormous.
Finally, the annual discharge of sewage has a strong impact on the high-quality development of the living environment in the Yangtze River Economic
Belt, followed by factors such as year-end urban registered unemployment rate, urban population density, and total social consumption and retail sales.
There are certain differences in driving factors among different provinces, but there is a strong correlation with the high-quality development level of human
settlements. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the discharge of urban sewage, industrial wastewater, exhaust gas, and waste in the Yangtze River
Economic Belt. For the middle and upper reaches of the region, it is necessary to improve the ability of independent innovation in science and technology,
stimulate new driving forces for economic development, and improve the performance-based salary system for enterprises to strengthen economic
construction. For downstream regions, it is necessary to optimize educational resources, improve medical and health systems, and strengthen social
management. |
| Key words: Human Settlements High-Quality Development Spatial and Temporal Evolution Driving Factors Yangtze River Economic Belt |
