| 摘要: |
| 自古以来，河流及其流域构成了一些最
具活力和最复杂的景观。河流维系着人类社会，
人类社会则以多种方式利用河流，从而产生璀璨
的流域文明。广州作为西方人眼中的一座 “神
奇”城市，两千年来一直是中国最重要的海上门
户，现如今，我们可以从外国商人、船长、旅行
者、传教士等游记、报告或图像记录中获得大量
关于珠江流域文化景观的详细描述。本文尝试
将珠江流域的河流系统及其相关的文化景观作
为人类经验的重要组成部分进行研究，透过西
方人的视野，去分析其对珠江流域及其文化景
观的所见所闻，并深入挖掘珠江流域文化景观
的构成与特征，从而归纳出珠江流域文化景观
中的人水共生关系，为珠江流域文化遗产保护
研究提供了全新的视角与思路。 |
| 关键词: 西方文献 十九世纪 珠江流域 文化景观特征 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230302 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51978274）；广州市社
科规划共建课题（2022GZGJ272） |
|
| Cultural Landscape Features of the Pearl River Basin in the Nineteenth Century: An Analysis Based on Western Literature |
|
WU Juanyu,, XIE Wei
|
| Abstract: |
| Since ancient times, rivers and their watersheds have constituted some of the most
dynamic and complex landscapes. Rivers have sustained human societies, and human societies
have used them in a variety of ways, resulting in brilliant watershed civilizations. Thus rivers and
human societies have jointly driven the evolutionary process of watershed cultural landscapes. As
the second largest river basin in China, the culture of the Pearl River basin is a cultural system
composed of multiple ethnic cultures and occupies an important position in the cultural pattern
of China and the world. The Pearl River Delta water system is characterized by the "confluence
of three rivers, dense river network, eight mouths into the sea, and overall interaction", and is
considered one of the most complex estuarine systems in the world in terms of water structure,
dynamic characteristics, and human activities. Guangzhou is located at the center of this complex
river network, where the ancestors have lived by water, and thrived by water since ancient times.
This special relationship between people and water has long given rise to a unique set of tangible and
intangible values for a wide range of human activities in the Pearl River basin, carrying with it the
region's rich historical and cultural connotations. Guangzhou, a "magical" city to Westerners, has
been China's most important maritime gateway for 2,000 years. From the 17th to the 19th centuries,
Guangzhou, together with Macao, formed the hub of early modern trade, with a considerable
number of Westerners coming here for trade, travel, or the spread of religion and culture. Even as
trade declined in the late 19th century, Guangzhou continued to attract Westerners eager to catch
a glimpse of this legendary city. We have access to a wealth of detailed descriptions of the cultural
landscape of the Pearl River Basin from the travelogues, reports or pictorial records of foreign
merchants, ship captains, travelers, missionaries and others. These Western documents and images,
based on field observations or reshaped on the basis of what is visible to the naked eye, form the
initial impression of the Pearl River basin and its cultural landscape for Westerners, and become an
important documentary source for the study of the cultural heritage of the Pearl River basin. This
paper attempts to study the river system of the Pearl River Basin and its related cultural landscape as
an important part of human experience, to rediscover the historical memory and cultural lineage of
the Pearl River Basin through the vision of Westerners, to analyze what Westerners saw and heard
about the Pearl River Basin and its cultural landscape from the material carriers closely related
to the culture of the basin, such as pagodas, forts, ports, gardens, boat houses, and other material
carriers, and to dig deeper into the cultural landscape of the Pearl River basin is characterized by
the symbiotic relationship between man and water, which includes the functions of production,
transportation, trade, defense, residence and recreation related to the river and the basin, reflecting
the characteristics of the regional style and social development of the period, and becoming a unique
spiritual quality and cultural precipitation of the Pearl River basin culture. By interpreting and
analyzing Western literature, this paper explores the cultural landscape of the Pearl River Basin as perceived by Westerners, and expands and complements the characteristics of the cultural landscape of the basin, providing a new perspective and ideas for
the study of cultural heritage conservation in the Pearl River Basin. We can not only see the image of the Pearl River as the "cultural others", but also reflect
on the culture of the Pearl River basin from this unique perspective and gain a more comprehensive and three-dimensional understanding of ourselves, thus
presenting a more realistic character of the cultural landscape of the Pearl River basin. |
| Key words: Western Literature Nineteenth Century Pearl River Basin Cultural Landscape Features |
