| 摘要: |
| 《金陵四十景图考诗咏》是明代朱之
蕃等人对彼时“金陵四十景”的总结集称，其景
图与题咏共时关联，集中揭示了金陵名胜的风景
特色和品题风尚，对解读金陵风景名胜的地方
意识和传统内涵具有重要意义。论文基于现代
声景理论，以声要素识别及其环境特征为契入
点，结合《金陵四十景图考诗咏》的景图诗词
判读，在景观空间建构、听觉系统感知等相关理
论的基础上，针对“金陵四十景”声音要素及其
动态场景进行联立解析，进而总结归纳传统声
景营造手法。以“天印樵歌”为例，通过图文解
析展现了朱之蕃笔下声音场景及其想象空间的
内在关系与变动趋势，分析论证传统景图声环
境与风景境域的同一性。相关研究为传统景观
集称图册的当代阐释提供了现代声环境分析视
角，为当代风景名胜高质量发展提供了基于传统
声景解析的研究坐标与历史维度。 |
| 关键词: 《金陵四十景图考诗咏》 集称图册 声景观 场景营造 风景名胜 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230212 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目（SJCX
21_0074）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（52278051） |
|
| Soundscape Analysis of The Illustrated Jinling Scenes & Poems |
|
WANG Liya,LI Zhe,HUANG Ruoxuan,GAO Ying
|
| Abstract: |
| Illustrated Jinling Forty Scenes & Poems is a summative collection of “forty scenes in Jinling”
then by Zhu Zhifan and others in the Ming Dynasty. The scenes in the collection are synchronically
related to the poems attached, giving a centralized revelation on the landscapes and the fashion of scenic
spots in Jinling. It is of vital importance for interpreting the sense of place and traditional connotation
of Jinling’s scenic spots. The soundscapes in Zhu Zhifan’s writing are an integral part of the Illustrated
Forty Scenes & Poems. On the one hand, the soundscape refines the artistic conception of landscape
through the concise and comprehensive meaning of the scenic title, while on the other hand, the sound
experience of the tour is expressed in the form of poetry illustrations, which serves as a strong guide
against a macroscopic background of mountains and rivers.
Soundscape research is one of the important directions in the development of modern landscape
theory. A good sound environment and soundscape can support the construction of high-quality
human settlements. It can also protect, inherit and develop a beautiful and sustainable natural
environment. With the development of contemporary soundscape theory and practice, how to use
soundscape construction to increase the auditory appeal of the landscape and continuously improve
the quality of the landscape has become a topic of continuous concern for landscape researchers.
Based on the theoretical system and cutting-edge progress of contemporary soundscape research,
retracing the classical contents presented in traditional Chinese landscape and poetry illustrations is
of great value in guiding us to interpret the traditional landscape atlas, and then discover the action
mechanism and construction method of the sound environment of traditional landscape scenic spots,
which will promote the reproduction and development of contemporary landscape scenic spots in the
contemporary human settlement environment.
This research starts with the identification of audio elements and its environmental
characteristics using the theory of modern soundscape. Based on relevant theories such as landscape
spatial construction and auditory perception, the paper conducts simultaneous analyses on audio
elements and dynamic scenes in combination with the poetic interpretation of the scenic pictures
inside Illustrated Jinling Forty Scenes & Poems, so as to form a preliminary framework for the
analysis of the soundscape graphic combinations. In order to approach the soundscape imagination
established by Zhu Zhifan, this paper takes “Song of the Woodcutter in Mount Tianyin” as an
example and obtains the sound intention and the "sound dynamic" scene of the poem through graphic
analysis, showing the inner relationship and changes of the sound scene and its imagination space in
Zhu Zhifan's writing. It analyzes and demonstrates the identity between the soundscape environment
and landscape realm. The sound elements of the text and scenes are interconnected and echoed with
the soundscape imagery of the poems, creating a multi-dimensional sound experience for the viewer
in which the images interact with the text. Based on this interactive mechanism, a sound scene
model consisting of multiple sound sources, dynamic landscape environments, and fixed reception
points is established, and three techniques for organizing the soundscape of Jinling’s scenic spots are
summarized.
A graphic analysis of the soundscape in the Illustrated Jinling Forty Scenes & Poems shows that the
relevant soundscape types are mainly characterized by three features. 1) The graphic representation of the
sound source is flexible, and the various soundscape attractions, soundscape types and audio elements in
the graphic are closely related, allowing people to directly or indirectly experience the charm of sound,and to experience the city’s sound scenes in multiple directions. 2) The sound in the environment is diverse and intertwined, which can not only highlight the theme
of scenes and texts, but also show the landscape in multiple levels. 3) The poems in the atlas are good at creating sound scenes, showing “meaning beyond words
and sound beyond pictures”. Based on the analysis of the soundscape illustrations, this paper summarizes the composition of the soundscape scenes, captures the
dynamic trends in the scenes, and determines the pattern of soundscape construction methods in the scenic spots by combining the soundscape imagery expressed in
the inscribed poems. The results show that the use of sound to arouse, the use of allusions to sound, and the use of sound to contrast are common means of creating
soundscapes. Illustrated Jinling Forty Scenes & Poems guides readers to immerse themselves in the scenic spots of Jinling through sound suggestion, allusion, and
contrast of movement and stillness. This way of understanding and research focuses on the acoustic environment characteristics of historical sites in soundscape
research, and complements the soundscape theoretical research in traditional landscape atlas.
The relevant research can provide a perspective of modern acoustic environment for the explanations of modern collections of scenes, and offer the
research coordinates and historical dimensions based on traditional soundscape analyses for the high-quality development of modern scenic spots. |
| Key words: The Illustrated Jinling Forty Scenes & Poems “Jicheng” Atlas Soundscape Scene Creation Scenic Spot |
