| 摘要: |
| 依托建筑社会学研究范式，对移动建
筑的历史发展进行技术、社会、环境三维视野
下的“社会—空间”交互式研究。文章重点对
移动建筑发展史中的技术流变与生活形塑展开
论述，探讨了移动建筑的历史演进与社会变迁
的关联，归纳并阐释了传统游牧与人工建造、
现代游牧与机器生产、当代游牧与数字智能三
个发展阶段特征。基于该研究过程，文章认为
在当今新技术环境和新社会生活形态背景下，
移动建筑正走向有别于传统游牧文化、回应于
社会变化的“新游牧主义”的发展道路。文章最终提出移动建筑研究应面向更为广泛综合的“移动建筑学”，并在实践中建立“移动建筑社会
设计观”。 |
| 关键词: 移动建筑 历史演进 技术 生活形塑 新游牧主义 |
| DOI：10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20230210 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:中国博士后科学基金面上项目（2022M722401）；
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（52008048）；国家
自然科学基金委员会联合资助基金重点项目（U19
13603）；上海市科学技术委员会2021年度“科技创新
行动计划社会发展科技攻关项目（21DZ1204500）；
上海市级科技重大专项—人工智能基础理论与关键
核心技术（2021SHZDZX0100）；中央高校基本科研
业务费专项资金资助项目 |
|
| Towards the Neo-Nomadism: On the Technological Evolution and Life-Shaping in theHistory of Mobile Architecture |
|
OU Xiongquan,MA Ming,YUAN P F
|
| Abstract: |
| Mobile architecture has mobility and can adapt to societal and environmental changes flexibly.
In contemporary times, mobile architecture has widely been applied in social housing, commercial
tourism, community services, and disaster relief fields. With the background of mobile architecture
becoming a new growth point in the construction industry and shaping new lifestyles, the cognitive
needs integrated into social and ontological history have become extremely prominent and urgent. Mobile
architecture originated in early human society, and human migration and social mobility have driven
mobile architecture’s continuous evolution and renewal. Based on the existing research by scholars
both domestically and abroad, it could be found that technological development has promoted mobile
architecture’s social production and ontological progress. In contrast, nomadic life has supported mobile
architecture’s social application and type change. Therefore, the influence and shaping of technological
development and nomadic life have become essential clues and approaches for the academic history
research of mobile architecture from the overall social perspective.
Architectural sociology explores the mutual influence between society and architecture in
certain historical development stages. Architecture is a composite of material and social forms in
architectural sociology research, and its development and evolution can be reviewed in social history.
Therefore, this article constructs an interactive research model of “social space” in the context of
mobile architecture, assuming that mobile architecture and society evolve together in a state of
mutual dependence and interaction, and analyzes the social relevance of the historical development
of mobile architecture dynamically. In addition, the author clarifies in the article that technology,
society, and the environment are not only the three main threads in academic research on mobile
architecture but also the main dimensions and approaches for analyzing the relations between mobile
architecture and society. Based on the paradigm of architectural sociology research, the paper
reviews and analyzes the historical development process of mobile architecture from a temporal
dimension. The historical development of mobile architecture reflects topological correlations with
social interaction and influence.
The paper discusses the technological changes and life-shaping in the development history
of mobile architecture, which explores the relations between the historical evolution of mobile
architecture and social changes. Three characteristics in the development of mobile architecture
are summarized and proposed in the paper. Firstly, the evolutionary characteristics of the early
mobile architecture were reflected in the “functionality”, which supported survival in traditional
nomadism. As a “nomadic-style building” mainly constructed by hand, technological development
limited mobile architecture. However, the social shaping of nomadic life and the low-tech creation
of “folk wisdom” have made many unique mobile architecture cultural heritages and landscapes in
human history, which have evolved into symbols of regional cultural and romantic life. Secondly,technological progress has enabled mobile architecture to evolve from early prototypes to modern systems in modern society. Human migration has moved
away from the functional constraints of sheltering for survival and towards production, life, and travel. As a result, the evolutionary characteristics of
mobile architecture are reflected in the “technicality” based on machine production in the context of modernity. At the same time, nomadism in modern
society is directed towards a normalized mobile lifestyle rather than a survival rule forced by migration, which further expands the application of mobile
architecture for social and environmental issues. Thirdly, the development of mobile architecture tends to be more diversified in contemporary society.
The spatial practice of mobile architecture has become a pioneer exploration of multiple relationships between people, buildings, cities, nature, and society.
The evolutionary characteristics of mobile architecture reflect the “sociality” oriented toward life in the contemporary context. Furthermore, intelligent
technology will promote and support the formation of a virtual mobile human living ecosystem in today’s digital nomadic era.
Based on the research above, the authors discuss and propose those opinions. In the historical evolution of mobile architecture, social demand
influences its function and application changes. Nomadic life determines its cultural value, artistic aesthetics, and morphological changes. Social production
and scientific technology promote performance improvement at the ontological level, such as structure, materials, and construction, as well as developing
its industrial system. Those issues reflect the technological changes and their impact on the development of mobile architecture respectively from traditional
to modern and contemporary society: the regional context and creative wisdom contained in manual construction, the economic efficiency and performance
improvement brought about by machine production, and the virtual-real communication and personalized customization pointed to by digital intelligence.
In the context of new technology and new social lifestyles today, mobile architecture is moving towards a development path different from the traditional
nomadic culture and responds to social change, known as “Neo-nomadism”. The paper finally proposes that research on mobile buildings should be oriented
towards a more comprehensive “mobile architecture” rather than being limited to “portable building” and establish a concept of “mobile architecture social
design” in practice. |
| Key words: Mobile Architecture Historical Development and Evolution Technology Life-Shaping Neo-Nomadism |
